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Juvenile Granulosazelltumoren und andere Keimstrang-Stromatumoren im Kindesalter

Juvenile granulosa cell tumors and other sex cord-stromal tumors in childhood and adolescence

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Zusammenfassung

Ovariale Keimstrang-Stromatumoren („ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors“, OSCST) sind seltene, aber charakteristische Ovarialtumoren des Kindesalters. Im Rahmen konsiliarischer Fragestellungen an die MAKEI (maligne Keimzelltumoren)-Studien sind mittlerweile 62 Patienten nach einheitlichen Kriterien prospektiv erfasst und behandelt worden. In der Gesamtkohorte beträgt das ereignisfreie Überleben 0,87±0,05, das Gesamtüberleben 0,88±0,05. Ereignisse sind nur bei Patienten im Stadium Ic (mit malignem Aszites bzw. präoperativer Tumorruptur) oder höher beobachtet worden. Als prognostische Marker sind das FIGO-Tumorstadium und die mitotische Aktivität zu nennen. Bei den seltenen fortgeschrittenen Tumoren im Stadium II–III ist—in Analogie zu der Behandlung der malignen Keimzelltumoren—eine adjuvante cisplatinbasierte Chemotherapie erfolgreich eingesetzt worden.

Es hat sich bestätigt, dass die Prognose der OSCST insgesamt günstig ist, vor allem, wenn sie in niedrigen Tumorstadien diagnostiziert werden. Patienten mit einem zu erwartenden ungünstigen Krankheitsverlauf können anhand klinischer und histopathologischer Merkmale identifiziert und einer erfolgversprechenden cisplatinbasierten Chemotherapie zugeführt werden. Auf dieser Grundlage ist eine prospektive Therapieoptimierungsstudie für Kinder und Jugendliche mit Keimstrang-Stromatumoren (MAKEI–SCST 2004) entwickelt worden, für die Patienten gemeldet werden können (http://www.uniklinik-duesseldorf.de/scst).

Abstract

Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors (OSCST) are rare but characteristic pediatric tumors that develop from the non-germinative component of the ovaries. This review summarizes the experience from 62 patients that were prospectively reported to the German MAKEI studies on non-testicular germ cell tumors and diagnosed and treated according to uniform standards. The event-free and overall survival of all patients is 0.87±0.05 and 0.88±0.05, respectively. Stage according to FIGO and mitotic activity have proven prognostically relevant. All events have occurred in patients stage Ic (with malignant ascites of pre-operative tumor rupture) or stage II–III, and all events occurred in patients with more than 20 mitoses per 120 high power fields. In the rare more advanced tumors stage II–III, adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been effective.

In conclusion, overall prognosis of children and adolescents with OSCST is favorable, particularly if they are diagnosed at low tumor stage. Patients, in whom an aggressive course of disease has to be expected, can be identified at diagnosis by a standardized clinical and histopathologic assessment and may benefit from adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy. On this basis a prospective therapeutic protocol (MAKEI–SCST 2004) has been designed, which is opening for recruitment in 2004 (http://www.uniklinik-duesseldorf.de/scst).

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Danksagung

Wir danken den teilnehmenden Kliniken der MAKEI-Studien. Unser besonderer Dank gilt der Studiendokumentarin Frau Susanne Koch sowie Frau Rosani Pathmanathan. Die MAKEI-Studien werden von der Deutschen Krebshilfe e. V. unterstützt. Die in diesem Artikel dargestellten Daten sind von der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Kinder- und Jugendgynäkologie mit dem Judith-Esser-Mittag Preis 2002 ausgezeichnet worden.

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Schneider, D.T., Calaminus, G., Harms, D. et al. Juvenile Granulosazelltumoren und andere Keimstrang-Stromatumoren im Kindesalter. Gynäkologe 37, 815–821 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-004-1581-0

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