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Erythrocyte Recovery in Oreochromis niloticus Fish Exposed to Urban Effluents

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Abstract

Urban activities pollute aquatic ecosystems, and the integrity of organisms such as fish. The use of cytological techniques, such as the analysis of blood cellular integrity using the Micronucleus test, can help detect mutagenic damage as a result to urban effluents exposure. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the frequency of micronucleus and other nuclear abnormalities in Oreochromis niloticus fish environmentally exposed to urban effluents in relation to their erythrocyte recovery capacity when exposed to clean water (30 and 45 days). The results indicated high copper, dissolved iron, nickel, and thermotolerant coliform levels in the urban stream. There was no difference in the frequency of micronuclei. In contrast, cells with nuclear nuclei, binucleates, kidney-shaped nuclei, notched nuclei, lobed nuclei, and segmented nuclei decreased according to the time the fish were exposed to clean water. When exposed to clean water, we conclude that urban fish recover from genotoxic and cytotoxic damage.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and the Brazilian Fund for Biodiversity. This study was supported by the Rio Verde campus of the Federal Institute Goiano. We thank Professor Dr. Sergio Fonseca Zaiden of the University of Rio Verde for supporting the study. The authors are grateful to the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), for supporting this study through Personal Research Grant Number 477044/2013-1, and the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio/SISBIO) for the collection authorization.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Animal Systematics, Goiano Federal Institute, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75901-970, Brazil

    Nathan Pereira Lima Amorim, Rhayane Alves de Assis, Cirley Gomes Araújo dos Santos, Marcelino Benvindo-Souza & Lia Raquel de Souza Santos

  2. Department of Biology, Paulista State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, CEP 15054-000, Brazil

    Rhayane Alves de Assis & Cirley Gomes Araújo dos Santos

  3. Laboratory of Biogeography and Aquatic Ecology, State University of Goiás, Anápolis, Goiás, CEP 75132-903, Brazil

    Marcelino Benvindo-Souza

  4. Zoology Laboratory, University of Rio Verde “Fazenda Fontes Do Saber”, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75901-970, Brazil

    Rinneu Elias Borges

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  1. Nathan Pereira Lima Amorim
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Amorim, N.P.L., de Assis, R.A., dos Santos, C.G.A. et al. Erythrocyte Recovery in Oreochromis niloticus Fish Exposed to Urban Effluents. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 112, 15 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-023-03833-2

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