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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Domestic Solid Waste Incinerators in Nam Dinh Province, Northern Area of Vietnam: A Comprehensive Assessment of Emission, Source Markers and Human Health Risk

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Abstract

A comprehensive research of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emission from domestic waste incinerators in northern areas of Vietnam, were investigated. Sixty-four samples from two domestic waste incinerators were collected and analyzed for PAHs. The PAHs concentrations in the samples were determined using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. In April, June, September, and November 2021, Σ16PAHs mean concentrations in chimney air samples were 970.9 ± 57.4, 1061.9 ± 49.8, 1070.7 ± 41.3 and 1136.1 ± 136.5 µg m−3, respectively. The mean emission factors of Σ16PAHs were 7.5 mg/kg. The mean percentages of low molecular weight PAHs were predominant in the analyzed air samples. The toxic equivalent quotient of samples ranged from 30.7 to 41.7 mg/kg, whereas the incremental lifetime cancer risk exceeded 10− 3. This results implied a high level of concern with potentially negative health consequences. The four diagnostic ratios of PAHs were found and can be used for identification of sources markers from domestic waste incinerators.

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Acknowledgements

This research is funded by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant number “105.08-2020-05”. The authors would like to thank the strong research group ROOM, Environmental and life science research Laboratory, Thuy loi University for their support during the research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Science Technology and Environment, Vietnam Cooperative Alliances, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Nguyen Tien Dung

  2. Research of Organic Matter Group (ROOM), Environmental and Life Science Research Laboratory, Thuyloi University, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Vu Duc Toan & Nguyen Thi Lan Huong

  3. Institute of Physics, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Ngo Tra Mai

  4. Ha Tinh University, Cam Vinh Commune, Cam Xuyen District, Ha Tinh, Vietnam

    Nguyen Nu My Ha

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  1. Nguyen Tien Dung
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  2. Vu Duc Toan
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  4. Nguyen Nu My Ha
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  5. Nguyen Thi Lan Huong
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Correspondence to Vu Duc Toan or Ngo Tra Mai.

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Dung, N.T., Toan, V.D., Mai, N.T. et al. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Domestic Solid Waste Incinerators in Nam Dinh Province, Northern Area of Vietnam: A Comprehensive Assessment of Emission, Source Markers and Human Health Risk. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 111, 18 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-023-03774-w

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