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Enantioselective Toxicity Effects of 2,2’,3,5’,6-Pentachloro Biphenyl (PCB-95) on Developing Brains in Zebrafish Larvae

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Abstract

2,2',3,5',6-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-95) is an environmentally relevant, chiral PCB congener that has been shown to act as a developmental neurotoxicant (DNT), targeting the developing brain. However, understanding enantioselective toxic effects for PCB-95 is in its infancy. To investigate these toxic effects, zebrafish embryos were exposed to racemates and enantiomers of PCB-95. Brain areas and pathology were studied. Results indicated dose dependent reduction of brain sizes with increased brain cell death in racemic and Ra (-)-PCB-95 treated groups. To provide a mechanistic basis for the observed neurotoxicity, gene expressions of antioxidant proteins such as Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and GPx were analysed. Antioxidant genes were up regulated with the PCB-95 exposure and racemic PCB-95 showed higher toxicity. These results suggest that the exposure to PCB-95 contributed to developmental neurotoxicity in early developing zebrafish larvae and may confer risks associated with enantioselective enrichment of PCB-95 in the environment.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. William C. Bridges for his contribution in statistical analysis; Dr. Susan C. Chapman for her help with the zebrafish husbandry and providing zebrafish for experiments; and Dr. Lisa J. Bain for her contribution in transcriptomic analysis; all from Clemson University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA

    Prabha Ranasinghe & Cindy M. Lee

  2. Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA

    Robert J. Thorn & Robbert Creton

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  1. Prabha Ranasinghe
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  2. Robert J. Thorn
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  3. Robbert Creton
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  4. Cindy M. Lee
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Correspondence to Prabha Ranasinghe.

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Ranasinghe, P., Thorn, R.J., Creton, R. et al. Enantioselective Toxicity Effects of 2,2’,3,5’,6-Pentachloro Biphenyl (PCB-95) on Developing Brains in Zebrafish Larvae. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 107, 351–360 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-021-03294-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-021-03294-5

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