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Spatio-temporal Variation of Harmful Planktonic Microalgae and Cyanobacteria Along the Central Coast of Campeche, Southeastern Gulf of Mexico

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Abstract

To describe the phytoplankton species composition, spatio-temporal distribution and habitats during different seasons along the central coast of the state of Campeche, Mexico, southeastern Gulf of Mexico, eight shallow-water (ca 1 m) sites from the city of Campeche Southwest to Villamar were monitored monthly from September 2016 to June 2017 by taking water-bottle samples. Average water temperature varied between 22.2 and 30.9°C and average salinity between 26.6 and 35.0. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, the Bartlett’s test and canonical correspondence analyses were applied. Sixteen potentially harmful microalgal species were found: five species are bloom-forming, nine are potentially toxic to humans, and two affect aquatic organisms. At all sampling sites, massive algal proliferations occurred in June (beginning of rainy season) caused by the dinoflagellates Heterocapsa sp. (2.6 × 105 cells/L) and Blixaea quinquecornis (2.0 × 104 cells/L) and from October to March (windy season) by the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium sp. (2.6 × 105 cells/L).

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Acknowledgement

We thank Mauricio González-Jauregui for preparing the map. We also thank Marcia M. Gowing from Seattle, WA, USA, who kindly improved the writing style and the two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. The financial support provided by COSDAC-SEMS-SEP (the Sectorial Coordination Project for Academic Development of the Undersecretary of Higher Middle Education of the Secretary of Public Education, Mexico) "Potentially harmful marine phytoplankton of the central coast of Campeche, Mexico", 022.16-P04 (2016–2017; project leader: CAPD) is appreciated.

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  1. Tecnológico Nacional de México / Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Champotón, Carretera Champotón-Isla Aguada Km 2, Col. El Arenal, CP 24400, Champotón, Campeche, Mexico

    Carlos Antonio Poot-Delgado

  2. Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Pesquerías, Universidad Veracruzana, Calle Hidalgo 617, Col. Río Jamapa, CP 94290, Boca del Río, Veracruz, Mexico

    Yuri B. Okolodkov

  3. Instituto de Ecología, Pesquerías y Oceanografía del Golfo de México, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Av. Héroe de Nacozari 480, CP 24029, Campeche, Campeche, Mexico

    Jaime Rendón-von Osten

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  1. Carlos Antonio Poot-Delgado
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Correspondence to Carlos Antonio Poot-Delgado.

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Poot-Delgado, C.A., Okolodkov, Y.B. & Rendón-von Osten, J. Spatio-temporal Variation of Harmful Planktonic Microalgae and Cyanobacteria Along the Central Coast of Campeche, Southeastern Gulf of Mexico. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 108, 15–23 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-021-03203-w

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