Abstract
Accumulation of Fluoride (F) was found in the soil and vegetation of the F-endemic villages of Gaya district, Bihar, India. The mean F level in the groundwater of F non-endemic (control) area was 0.59 ± 0.03 (n = 11), while that of F-endemic area was 2.36 ± 0.23 (n = 27). Water soluble F (WSF) and total F (TF) in the soil of F-endemic villages were significantly higher as compared to the F non-endemic area. Similarly, WSF and TF in the vegetables and the grain crops (cereals, legumes and oilseeds) of the F-endemic area were significantly higher as compared that of the control area. Leafy vegetables showed higher accumulation of F with WSF and TF in spinach ranging from 3.62 to 4.82 and 9.88–12.88 mg/kg respectively. The WSF and TF in coriander ranged from 9.66 to 10.88 and 23.11–25.73 mg/kg respectively.
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to the University Grants Commission (UGC) for the financial support under the Major Project Scheme (F. No. 40-399/2011) (SR) and to Dr. Sister Doris D’Souza, Principal, Patna Women’s College for providing the necessary facilities. Special thanks to Central Groundwater Board, Patna for providing facility of GIS mapping.
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The protocol of this study followed the standard laid down by Government of India.
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Ranjan, S., Yasmin, S. Assessment of Fluoride Intake Through Food Chain and Mapping of Endemic Areas of Gaya District, Bihar, India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 94, 220–224 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-014-1396-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-014-1396-1