Abstract
Behavior of the herbicide bromobutide, (RS)-2-bromo-N-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-3,3-dimethylbutyramide, in paddy water and soil after application to paddy fields was investigated to evaluate the degradation to bromobutide-debromo, N-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-3,3-dimethylbutyramide, and runoff of the herbicide. The respective maximum concentrations of bromobutide and the metabolite were 1,640–2,230 and 11.1–15.8 μg/L in the paddy water, and 2,210–4,140 μg/kg dry and 74–119 μg/kg dry in the paddy soil, respectively. The runoff ratios of the applied bromobutide from the paddy fields were calculated as 28 ± 16%. The respective mean values of the half-lives of bromobutide in the paddy water and the soil were 2.7 ± 0.34 days and 6.9 ± 2.6 days, respectively.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Food Safety Commission (2008) Evaluation Report, bromobutiode. Food Safety Commission, Tokyo
Hasukawa H, Shibahara F, Komai S, Mizutani S, Oobayashi H, Fujii Y, Sudo M (2009) Reductions in outflow loads during paddy rice cropping period by environment-conscious agricultural practice. Bull Shiga Pref Agric Technol Promo Cent 48:1–21
Isobe N, Matsuo M, Miyamoto J (1984) Comparative metabolism studies on N-(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)-2-bromo-3,3-dimethylbutanamide (bromobutide) and its debromonated derivative in rats and mice. J Pestic Sci 9:105–115
Iwafune T, Inao K, Horio T, Iwasaki N, Yokoyama A, Nagai T (2010) Behavior of paddy pesticides and major metabolites in the Sakura River, Ibaraki, Japan. J Pestic Sci 35:114–123
Kanazawa J (1996) Environmental character and toxicity data of pesticides. Godo-shuppan, Tokyo
Kawasaki E, Okubo T, Sudo M (2008) Herbicide discharge from paddy fields located around Lake Biwa basin and development of simple model for estimation of herbicide loss. J Jpn Soc Water Environ 31:375–382
Kawata K, Asada T, Oikawa K, Tanabe A (2005) Multiresidue determination of pesticides in sediment by ultrasonically assisted extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J AOAC Int 88:1440–1451
Mitobe H, Ibaraki T, Tanabe A, Kawata K, Sakai M, Kifune I (1999) Variation of pesticides in a river flowing through paddy fields area. J Environ Chem 9:311–320
Morinaka H, Murakami M, Takesada H, Azuchi Y, Tsuzuki K, Takematsu T (1993) Changes in concentrations of active ingredients of a flowable and granules consisting of a combination of pyributicarb, bromobutide and benzofenap in water of paddy fields. Weed Res Jpn 38:275–281
Sudo M, Kawachi T (2006) Herbicide discharge from paddy fields located around Lake Biwa basin and factors affecting herbicide losses. J Jpn Soc Water Environ 29:715–721
Takahashi N, Mikami N, Yamada H, Miyamoto J (1985) Photodegradation of the herbicide bromobutide in water. J Pestic Sci 10:247–256
Tanabe A, Mitobe H, Kawata K, Sakai M, Yasuhara A (2000) A new monitoring system for 90 pesticides and related compounds in river water by solid-phase extraction with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J AOAC Int 83:61–77
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Morohashi, M., Nagasawa, S., Enya, N. et al. Behavior of Bromobutide in Paddy Water and Soil After Application. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 88, 521–525 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0531-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0531-0