Abstract
Spatial variations in estuarine intertidal sediment have been often related to such environmental variables as salinity, sediment types, heavy metals and base cations. However, there have been few attempts to investigate the difference condition between high and low tides relationships and to predict their likely responses in an estuarine environment. This paper investigates the linkages between environmental variables and tides of estuarine intertidal sediment in order to provide a basis for describing the effect of tides in the Mengkabong lagoon, Sabah. Multivariate statistical technique, principal components analysis (PCA) was employed to better interpret information about the sediment and its controlling factors in the intertidal zone. The calculation of Geoaccumulation Index (I geo) suggests the Mengkabong mangrove sediments are having background concentrations for Al, Cu, Fe, and Zn and unpolluted for Pb. Extra efforts should therefore pay attention to understand the mechanisms and quantification of different pathways of exchange within and between intertidal zones.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
APHA (1995) Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, 19th edn. Washington, USA
Church AH (1989) The ionic of the sea. The Phytologist 68:239–247
El Nemr A, Khaled A, Sikaily AE (2006) Distribution and statistical analysis of leachable and total heavy metals in the sediments of the Suez Gulf. Environ Monit Assess 118:89–112. doi:10.1007/s10661-006-0985-9
Environmental Impact Assessment (1992) Proposed mangrove paradise resort complex on LA 91040377 Tuaran, Sabah. Perunding Sekitar, Sabah
Environmental Indicator Report (2003) The Environment Protection Department (EPD) Sabah: Syarikat Bumi Yakin, Sabah
Grande JA, Borrego J, Morales JA, Torre ML (2003) A description of how metal pollution occurs in the Tinto-Odiel Rias (Huelva-Spain) through the application of cluster analysis. Mar Pollut Bull 46:475–480. doi:10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00452-6
Heiri O, Lotter AF, Lemcke G (2001) Loss on ignition as a method for estimating organic and carbonate content in sediments: reproducibility and comparability of results. J Paleolimnol 25:101–110. doi:10.1023/A:1008119611481
Hsue ZY, Chen ZS (2000) Monitoring the changes of redox potential, ph and electrical conductivity of the mangrove soils in Northern Taiwan. Proc Nat Sci Counc 24:143–150
Hussein AH, Rabenhorst MC (2001) Tidal inundation of transgressive coastal areas: pedogenesis of salinization and alkalinization. Soil Sci Soc Am J 65:536–544
Karbassi AR, Bayati I, Moatta F (2006) Origin and chemical partitioning of heavy metals in riverbed sediments. Int J Environ Sci Technol 3:35–42
Liu WX, Li XD, Shen ZG, Wang DC, Wai OWH, Li YS (2003) Multivariate statistical study of heavy metal enrichment in sediments of the Pearl river estuary. Environ Pollut 121:377–388. doi:10.1016/S0269-7491(02)00234-8
Matagi SV, Swai D, Mugabe R (1998) A review of heavy metals mechanism in wetlands. African J Trop Hydrobiol Fish 8:23–35
Morad S (1998) Carbonate cementation in sandstones: distribution patterns and geochemical evolution. Blackwell Science Limited, London
Muller G (1979) Schwermetalle in den sediments des Rheins-Veranderungen seitt 1971. Umschan 79:778–783
Preda M, Cox ME (2000) Sediment-water interaction, acidity and other water quality parameters in a subtropical setting, Pimpama river, Southeast Queensland. Environ Geo 39:319–329. doi:10.1007/s002540050011
Radojevic M, Bashkin VN (1999) Practical environmental analysis. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge
Rubio B, Nombelia MA, Vilas F (2000) Geochemistry of major and trace elements in ediments of the Ria De Vigo (NW Spain): an assessment of metal pollution. Marine Pollut Bull 40:968–980. doi:10.1016/S0025-326X(00)00039-4
Soto-Jimenez MF, Paez-Osuna F (2001) Distribution and normalization of heavy metal concentrations in mangrove and lagoon sediments from Mazatlan Harbor (SE Gulf California). Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 53:259–274. doi:10.1006/ecss.2000.0814
Town and Regional Planning Department (TRPD) (2003). Project Sabah, 2003. Environmental Local Planning (ELP), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
Turekian KK, Wedepohl KH (1961) Distribution of the elements in some major units of the earth’s crust. Geol Soc Am Bull 72:175–192. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1961)72[175:DOTEIS]2.0.CO;2
Zhou H, Peng X, Pan J (2004) Distribution, source and enrichment of some chemical elements in sediments of the Pearl river estuary, China. Conti Shelf Res 24:1857–1875. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2004.06.012
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Mr. Asram and Mr. Neldin Jeoffrey for assisting with the field sampling. The author gratefully acknowledges her Universiti Malaysia Sabah Scholarship (YTL Foundation).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Praveena, S.M., Ahmed, A., Radojevic, M. et al. Multivariate and Geoaccumulation Index Evaluation in Mangrove Surface Sediment of Mengkabong Lagoon, Sabah. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 81, 52–56 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-008-9460-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-008-9460-3