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Association between parental bipolar disorder and increased risk of exposure to prescription opioids for their offspring

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Abstract

Purpose

Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) may have an increased risk of exposure to prescription opioids. However, it is still unknown whether such risk also occurs in their offspring. This study aimed to investigate the risk of exposure to prescription opioid use and related medical conditions in the offspring of parents with BD.

Methods

This study used the Taiwan National Health Research Database and included offspring who had any parent with a diagnosis of BD. The matched-control cohort was randomly identified from the offspring of parents without any major psychiatric disorders (MPD). We identified data pertaining to opioid prescription and related medical conditions, namely pain disorder, malignancy, autoimmune disease, and arthropathy. The Poisson regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

Results

In total, 11,935 offspring of parents with BD and 119,350 offspring of parents without any MPD were included. After controlling for demographics and mental disorders, offspring of parents with BD demonstrated higher rates of prescription opioid use than those of parents without MPD, especially the intravenous/intramuscular form of opioids and prescription in hospital settings. In addition, offspring of parents with BD had a higher odds of pain disorders than those of parents without MPD.

Conclusion

Our study identifies a higher odd for developing pain disorders and exposure to prescription opioids among children of parents with BD.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Mr I-Fan Hu, MA (Courtauld Institute of Art, University of London; National Taiwan University) for his friendship and support. Mr Hu declares no conflicts of interest.

Funding

The study was supported by grants from the Taipei Veterans General Hospital (V106B-020, V107B-010, V107C-181, V108B-012, V110C-025, V110B-002), the Yen Tjing Ling Medical Foundation (CI 109-21, CI 109-22, CI 110-30) and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (107-2314-B-075-063-MY3, 108-2314-B-075-037). The funding source had no role in any process of our study.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Mu-Hong Chen and Chih-Sung Liang contributed equally as corresponding authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Addiction Science, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Dian-Jeng Li

  2. Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, 91200, Taiwan

    Dian-Jeng Li

  3. Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Beitou District, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shihpai Road, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan

    Mu-Hong Chen, Ya-Mei Bai, Shih-Jen Tsai, Chih-Ming Cheng & Tung-Ping Su

  4. Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Beitou District, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shihpai Road, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan

    Mu-Hong Chen, Ya-Mei Bai, Shih-Jen Tsai, Chih-Ming Cheng & Tung-Ping Su

  5. Department of Psychiatry, General Cheng Hsin Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

    Tung-Ping Su

  6. Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

    Tzeng-Ji Chen

  7. Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Tzeng-Ji Chen

  8. Department of Family Medicine, Hsinchu Branch, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan

    Tzeng-Ji Chen

  9. Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan

    Ta-Chuan Yeh

  10. Department of Psychiatry, Beitou Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 60, Xinmin Road, Taipei, 11243, Taiwan

    Chih-Sung Liang

  11. Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan

    Chih-Sung Liang

Authors
  1. Dian-Jeng Li
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  9. Chih-Sung Liang
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Contributions

Drs MHC, YMB, and CSL: designed the study. Drs DJL, MHC, CSL: wrote the draft. Drs DJL, SJT, CMC, TPS, TCY and TJC: performed the literature review and revised the manuscript. Dr MHC performed the statistical analysis; all authors reviewed the final manuscript and agreed on its publication.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Mu-Hong Chen or Chih-Sung Liang.

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Conflict of interest

No conflict of interest. All authors have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Taipei Veterans General Hospital (approval number: 2018-7-016AC) according to the current revision of the Declaration of Helsinki and national legal requirements (Human Subjects Research Act, Taiwan). Requirement for patient consent was waived because this study’s data were anonymous and derived wholly from a sizeable national database.

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Li, DJ., Chen, MH., Bai, YM. et al. Association between parental bipolar disorder and increased risk of exposure to prescription opioids for their offspring. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 58, 267–275 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-022-02360-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-022-02360-5

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