Abstract
Aims/hypothesis. To assess the possible importance of saturated fatty acids in glucose amplification of K+ ATP channel-independent insulin secretion. Methods. Insulin release from perifused pancreatic islets of NMRI mice was determined by radioimmunoassay. Results. In the presence of K+ (20 mmol/l) and diazoxide (250 μmol/l), which stimulates Ca2+ influx and opens K+ ATP channels, palmitate (165 μmol/l total; 1.2 μmol/l free) increased insulin secretion at 3.3, 10 and 16.7 mmol/l glucose while glucose (10; 16.7 mmol/l) did not increase insulin secretion. In the presence of K+ (60 mmol/l) and diazoxide (250 μmol/l), glucose (10; 16.7 mmol/l) stimulation of K+ ATP channel-independent insulin secretion increased, whereas the effectiveness of palmitate (165 μmol/l total; 1.2 μmol/l free) on insulin secretion at both 3.3, 10 or 16.7 mmol/l glucose was reduced. Palmitate thereby mimicked the stimulatory pattern of the protein kinase C activator, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (0.16 μmol/l), which also failed to increase insulin secretion at maximum depolarising concentrations of K+ (60 mmol/l). Furthermore, the protein kinase C inhibitor calphostin C (1 μmol/l), led to a complete suppression of the effects of both palmitate (165 μmol/l total; 1.2 μmol/l free) and myristate (165 μmol/l total; 2.4 μmol/l free) stimulation of glucose (16.7 mmol/l)-induced insulin secretion. Calphostin C (1 μmol/l), however, failed to affect insulin secretion induced by glucose (16.7 mmol/l). Conclusion/interpretation. These data suggest that glucose could increase insulin secretion independently of saturated fatty acids like palmitate and myristate, which amplify glucose-induced insulin secretion by activation of protein kinase C. [Diabetologia (2001) 44: 738–746]
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Received: 30 October 2001 and in revised form: 31 January 2001
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Thams, P., Capito, K. Differential mechanisms of glucose and palmitate in augmentation of insulin secretion in mouse pancreatic islets. Diabetologia 44, 738–746 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/s001250051683
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001250051683