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Sr65: a widely effective gene for stem rust resistance in wheat

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Abstract

Key message

Sr65 in chromosome 1A of Indian wheat landrace Hango-2 is a potentially useful all-stage resistance gene that currently protects wheat from stem rust in Australia, India, Africa and Europe.

Abstract

Stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), threatened global wheat production with the appearance of widely virulent races that included TTKSK and TTRTF. Indian landrace Hango-2 showed resistance to Pgt races in India and Australia. Screening of a Hango-2/Avocet ‘S’ (AvS) recombinant inbred line population identified two stem rust resistance genes, a novel gene (temporarily named as SrH2) from Hango-2 and Sr26 from AvS. A mapping population segregating for SrH2 alone was developed from two recombinant lines. SrH2 was mapped on the short arm of chromosome 1A, where it was flanked by KASP markers KASP_7944 (proximal) and KASP_12147 (distal). SrH2 was delimited to an interval of 1.8–2.3 Mb on chromosome arm 1AS. The failure to detect candidate genes through MutRenSeq and comparative genomic analysis with the pan-genome dataset indicated the necessity to generate a Hango-2 specific assembly for detecting the gene sequence linked with SrH2 resistance. MutRenSeq however enabled identification of SrH2-linked KASP marker sunCS_265. Markers KASP_12147 and sunCS_265 showed 92% and 85% polymorphism among an Australian cereal cultivar diversity panel and can be used for marker-assisted selection of SrH2 in breeding programs. The effectiveness of SrH2 against Pgt races from Europe, Africa, India, and Australia makes it a valuable resource for breeding stem rust-resistant wheat cultivars. Since no wheat-derived gene was previously located in chromosome arm 1AS, SrH2 represents a new locus and named as SR65.

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Data availability

The datasets of raw Illumina sequences generated in the study were deposited to the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and can be accessed in the Short Read Archive (SRA) database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra) as accession number PRJNA993780. All plant materials analyzed during the study are available from the corresponding author/s by request.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to Professor Robert McIntosh at the University of Sydney’s Plant Breeding Institute for reading through the manuscript and providing valuable comments.

Funding

MN received funding through a Francis Henry Loxton Stipend and Irvine Armstrong Watson Scholarships provided by the Sydney Institute of Agriculture, University of Sydney. The Postgraduate Research Supplementary Scholarship was provided by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). We thank Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) Australia for financial support of the Australian Cereal Rust Control Program and the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research for financial support through an Indo-Australian project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Breeding Institute, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, 107 Cobbitty Road, Cobbitty, NSW, 2570, Australia

    Michael Norman, Hanif Miah, Harbans Bariana & Urmil Bansal

  2. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia

    Michael Norman, Chunhong Chen & Sambasivam Periyannan

  3. Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark

    Mehran Patpour, Chris Sørensen & Mogens Hovmøller

  4. Agriculture Victoria, Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, 5 Ring Rd., Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia

    Kerrie Forrest

  5. Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research Regional Station, Flowerdale, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171 002, India

    Subodh Kumar, Pramod Prasad, Om Prakash Gangwar & Subhash Bhardwaj

  6. School of Science, Western Sydney University, Bourke Road, Richmond, NSW, 2753, Australia

    Harbans Bariana

  7. School of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia

    Sambasivam Periyannan

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  1. Michael Norman
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Contributions

MN, HM, HB, UB and SP developed the mapping population and screened the plant material with Australian Pgt races. MN, HM, HB and UB generated the mutant population. MN and CC conducted the bioinformatic analyses of the RNASeq and MutRENSeq datasets. MP, CS and MH performed the screening of the plant materials with African Pgt race TTKSK and the European Pgt race TTRTF. SK, PP, OPG and SB conducted screening of Hango-2 with Indian Pgt races. KF conducted bulk-segregant analysis using the 90 K iSelect wheat SNP array. MN conducted marker screening of the mapping population and Australian wheat panel and comparative genomic analysis of SrH2 locus. MN, HB, UB and SP wrote the initial draft whereas the remaining authors read the manuscript and provided revisions.

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Correspondence to Sambasivam Periyannan or Urmil Bansal.

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Communicated by Aimin Zhang.

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Norman, M., Chen, C., Miah, H. et al. Sr65: a widely effective gene for stem rust resistance in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 137, 1 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-023-04507-7

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