Abstract
Key Message
TAC1 is involved in photoperiodic and gravitropic responses to modulate rice dynamic plant architecture likely by affecting endogenous auxin distribution, which could explain TAC1 widespread distribution in indica rice.
Abstract
Plants experience a changing environment throughout their growth, which requires dynamic adjustments of plant architecture in response to these environmental cues. Our previous study demonstrated that Tiller Angle Control 1 (TAC1) modulates dynamic changes in plant architecture in rice; however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we show that TAC1 regulates plant architecture in an expression dose-dependent manner, is highly expressed in stems, and exhibits dynamic expression in tiller bases during the growth period. Photoperiodic treatments revealed that TAC1 expression shows circadian rhythm and is more abundant during the dark period than during the light period and under short-day conditions than under long-day conditions. Therefore, it contributes to dynamic plant architecture under long-day conditions and loose plant architecture under short-day conditions. Gravity treatments showed that TAC1 is induced by gravistimulation and negatively regulates shoot gravitropism, likely by affecting auxin distribution. Notably, the tested indica rice containing TAC1 displayed dynamic plant architecture under natural long-day conditions, likely explaining the widespread distribution of TAC1 in indica rice. Our results provide new insights into TAC1-mediated regulatory mechanisms for dynamic changes in rice plant architecture.
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Data availability statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Prof. Qian Qian (CNRRI), Prof. Yue Feng (CNRRI), and Dr. Zechuan Lin (Harvard University) for valuable discussions and critical comments on the manuscript. We thank Prof. Yongxiang Liao (Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University) for providing seeds of Shuhui498, Shuhui527, and Chenghui727.
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This work was supported by grants from China Agriculture Research System (CARS-01–03), Fundamental Research Funds of Central Public Welfare Research Institutions (CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202102), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Innovation Project (CAAS-ASTIP-2013-CNRRI), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (31961143016).
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SC, YZ, and LC planned and designed the research. HW, RT, ZR, DW, and PX performed the experiments. HW, YZ, QL, WW, YH, and CC analyzed the data. HW, RT, ZR, X Zhou, ZP, and ZZ conducted the field work. HW, RT, and ZR wrote the manuscript. SC, YZ, LC, XS, X Zhan, DC, and LS revised the manuscript. HW, RT, and ZR contributed equally to this work. All authors read and approved of this manuscript.
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Wang, H., Tu, R., Ruan, Z. et al. Photoperiod and gravistimulation-associated Tiller Angle Control 1 modulates dynamic changes in rice plant architecture. Theor Appl Genet 136, 160 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-023-04404-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-023-04404-z