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BrACOS5 mutations induced male sterility via impeding pollen exine formation in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis)

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Abstract

Key message

BrACOS5 mutations led to male sterility of Chinese cabbage verified in three allelic male-sterile mutants.

Abstract

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) is one of the major vegetable crops in East Asia, and the utilization of male-sterile line is an important measure for its hybrid seed production. Herein, we isolated three allelic male-sterile mutants, msm1-1, msm1-2 and msm1-3, from an ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenized population of Chinese cabbage double-haploid (DH) line ‘FT’, whose microspores were completely aborted with severely absent exine, and tapetums were abnormally developed. Genetic analyses indicated that the three male-sterile mutants belonged to allelic mutation and were triggered by the same recessive nuclear gene. MutMap-based gene mapping and kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) analysis demonstrated that three different single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of BraA09g012710.3C were responsible for the male sterility of msm1-1/2/3, respectively. BraA09g012710.3C is orthologous of Arabidopsis thaliana ACOS5 (AT1G62940), encoding an acyl-CoA synthetase in sporopollenin biosynthesis, and specifically expressed in anther, so we named BraA09g012710.3C as BrACOS5. BrACOS5 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Mutations of BrACOS5 resulted in decreased enzyme activities and altered fatty acid contents in msm1 anthers. As well as the transcript accumulations of putative orthologs involved in sporopollenin biosynthesis were significantly down-regulated excluding BrPKSA. These results provide strong evidence for the integral role of BrACOS5 in conserved sporopollenin biosynthesis pathway and also contribute to uncovering exine development pattern and underlying male sterility mechanism in Chinese cabbage.

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Data availability statement

The data that support the results are included in this article and its supplementary materials. Other relevant materials are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to A.P. Mengnan An from Shenyang Agricultural University and Dr. Juan Huang from CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences for providing ER marker, and Prof. Zhongnan Yang from Shanghai Normal University for providing the acos5-2 mutant. The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31730082).

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China, 31730082, Hui Feng.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, People’s Republic of China

    Jiaqi Zou, Shiyao Dong, Ying Zhao, Gengxing Song, Yue Xin, Shengnan Huang & Hui Feng

  2. Department of Foreign Language Teaching, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People’s Republic of China

    Bing Fang

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  1. Jiaqi Zou
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Contributions

HF, SH and JZ designed the experiments. JZ conducted the experiments and wrote the manuscript; SD assisted in the screening of mutants and the construction of F2 population. YZ, GS and YX assisted in the data analysis. HF and BF revised the manuscript. All the authors approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hui Feng.

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Communicated by Annaliese S. Mason.

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Zou, J., Dong, S., Fang, B. et al. BrACOS5 mutations induced male sterility via impeding pollen exine formation in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis). Theor Appl Genet 136, 6 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-023-04291-4

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