Abstract
Key message
GS and PS performed similarly in improving resistance to FER and FUM content. With cheaper and faster genotyping methods, GS has the potential to be more efficient than PS.
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides is a common maize (Zea mays L.) pathogen that causes Fusarium ear rot (FER) and produces the mycotoxin fumonisin (FUM). This study empirically compared phenotypic selection (PS) and genomic selection (GS) for improving FER and FUM resistance. Three intermating generations of recurrent GS were conducted in the same time frame and from a common base population as two generations of recurrent PS. Lines sampled from each PS and GS cycle were evaluated in three North Carolina environments in 2020. We observed similar cumulative responses to GS and PS, representing decreases of about 50% of mean FER and FUM compared to the base population. The first cycle of GS was more effective than later cycles. PS and GS both achieved about 70% of predicted total gain from selection for FER, but only about 26% of predicted gains for FUM, suggesting that heritability for FUM was overestimated. We observed a 20% decrease in genetic marker variation from PS and 30% decrease from GS. Our greatest challenge was our inability to quickly obtain dense and consistent set of marker genotypes across generations of GS. Practical implementation of GS in individual small-scale breeding programs will require cheaper and faster genotyping methods, and such technological advances will present opportunities to significantly optimize selection and mating schemes for future GS efforts beyond what we were able to achieve in this study.
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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the Figshare repository, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.18131426.
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Acknowledgements
USDA-ARS and the North Carolina Corn Growers Association supported this work. We thank Dr. Thiago P. Marino for conducting the initial field experiments and genotyping; Drs. Heather Manching and Randall Wisser for initial genotyping; Josie Bloom for genotyping and lab assistance; Sandy Etheridge and Morgan Jarrett for data collection for phenotypic selection; and Nicole Choquette for assisting with field inoculations and data collection. We thank Zachary Allen, Greg Marshall, and William Pequigney for assisting with the post-harvest data collection. Lastly, we thank Dr. Sherry Flint-Garcia (U of Missouri, USDA-ARS) for loaning us the rind penetrometer.
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This work was supported by USDA-ARS and the North Carolina Corn Grower Association.
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James B. Holland created the genetic material, conceived the study, and supervised the project. Eric N. Butoto and Jason C. Brewer performed field breeding and collected data. Eric N. Butoto performed the analyses. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Eric N. Butoto and James B. Holland. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Butoto, E.N., Brewer, J.C. & Holland, J.B. Empirical comparison of genomic and phenotypic selection for resistance to Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination in maize. Theor Appl Genet 135, 2799–2816 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-022-04150-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-022-04150-8