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Appraisal of wheat genomics for gene discovery and breeding applications: a special emphasis on advances in Asia

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Abstract

Key message

We discussed the most recent efforts in wheat functional genomics to discover new genes and their deployment in breeding with special emphasis on advances in Asian countries.

Abstract

Wheat research community is making significant progress to bridge genotype-to-phenotype gap and then applying this knowledge in genetic improvement. The advances in genomics and phenomics have intrigued wheat researchers in Asia to make best use of this knowledge in gene and trait discovery. These advancements include, but not limited to, map-based gene cloning, translational genomics, gene mapping, association genetics, gene editing and genomic selection. We reviewed more than 57 homeologous genes discovered underpinning important traits and multiple strategies used for their discovery. Further, the complementary advancements in wheat phenomics and analytical approaches to understand the genetics of wheat adaptability, resilience to climate extremes and resistance to pest and diseases were discussed. The challenge to build a gold standard reference genome sequence of bread wheat is now achieved and several de novo reference sequences from the cultivars representing different gene pools will be available soon. New pan-genome sequencing resources of wheat will strengthen the foundation required for accelerated gene discovery and provide more opportunities to practice the knowledge-based breeding.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Grant-in-Aids for Scientific Research (B) No. 16H04862 and for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas No. 19H04863 from MEXT to ST. We acknowledge Natural National Science Foundation (NSFC), China for Research Fund of International Young Scientists award (31950410563) and Pak-China (PSF-NSFC) Joint Research Grant. We apologize that due to the space limitations, we could not cite several citations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China

    Awais Rasheed, Muhammad Adeel Hassan, Mohsin Ali & Zhonghu He

  2. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), CAAS, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China

    Awais Rasheed & Zhonghu He

  3. Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan

    Awais Rasheed & Tariq Mahmood

  4. Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan

    Shigeo Takumi

  5. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Yenimahalle, Ankara, 06170, Turkey

    Alex I. Morgunov

  6. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Pakistan office, c/o National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Imtiaz

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  1. Awais Rasheed
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AR, ZH and TM conceived the idea. AR, AM, ST and MI outlined the manuscript. AR, ST, MAH and MA wrote the manuscript. MI, AM, ZH and TM reviewed and edited the manuscript.

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Rasheed, A., Takumi, S., Hassan, M.A. et al. Appraisal of wheat genomics for gene discovery and breeding applications: a special emphasis on advances in Asia. Theor Appl Genet 133, 1503–1520 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-019-03523-w

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