Abstract
Broadening the genetic base of heterotic pools is a key to ensure continued genetic gains in hybrid breeding and extend hybrid cultivation to new areas. In the present study, two Central European heterotic pools (Carsten and Petkus) and five Eastern European open-pollinated varieties (OPVs, Pop-1 to Pop-5) were studied with the objectives to (1) investigate the genetic diversity in OPVs and the heterotic pools using molecular and field data, (2) evaluate the molecular diversity among OPVs, (3) examine the combining ability for grain yield of the OPVs when crossed with testers in field trials, and (4) develop a strategy for targeted introgression of OPV germplasm into the heterotic pools. In total, 610 S0 plants, 347 from OPVs and 263 from heterotic pools, were developed. Clones of the S0 plants of OPVs were crossed with two testers belonging to each heterotic pool, while clones of heterotic pools were crossed with only the opposite tester. Testcrosses were evaluated for grain yield in multi-location trials. In addition, 589 S0 plants were fingerprinted with 30 SSR markers. The data revealed that the Carsten pool has a narrow genetic base and should be the primary target for broadening the established heterotic pattern. Mean and genetic variance suggested that Pop-2 and Pop-4 are good candidates for introgression in Petkus pool and Pop-5 in Carsten pool. Nevertheless, introgression of Pop-5 in Carsten could reduce the genetic diversity between heterotic pools. Therefore, we suggest that either selected plants of Pop-5 should be introgressed or more Eastern European germplasm should be fingerprinted and field evaluated to identify promising germplasm for broadening the established heterotic pattern.
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Acknowledgments
This project was supported by the German Research Foundation DFG in the framework program “Heterosis in plants” (research grants No 2254/1-1 and 2254/1-2 and Pi 377/7-3) and Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung in the “Biometrie und Bioinformatik Tools für die genomisch gestützte Pflanzenzüchtung” (GAIN) project of the Genome Analysis of the Plant Biological System (GABI) initiative (http://www.gabi.de).
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Communicated by F. Ordon.
Contribution to the special issue “Heterosis in Plants”.
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Fischer, S., Melchinger, A.E., Korzun, V. et al. Molecular marker assisted broadening of the Central European heterotic groups in rye with Eastern European germplasm. Theor Appl Genet 120, 291–299 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-009-1124-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-009-1124-0