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Geschlechtsassoziierte Unterschiede beim Harnblasenkarzinom

Gender-associated differences in bladder cancer

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund und Fragestellung

Frauen erkranken seltener an einem Harnblasenkarzinom, sind jedoch häufiger von fortgeschritteneren Tumorstadien und ungünstigeren Krankheitsverläufen betroffen. Es ist bis heute unklar, welche Ursachen für den aggressiveren Verlauf des Harnblasenkarzinoms bei der Frau verantwortlich sind.

Material und Methode

Mittels einer PubMed-Recherche wurden Original- und Übersichtsartikel in einem Zeitraum von 2004 bis 2022 ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse

Es ist am ehesten von einer multifaktoriellen Genese auszugehen. In der Literatur werden v. a. epidemiologische und klinische Aspekte als mögliche Ursachen genannt. Ferner werden in letzter Zeit zunehmend auch genetische und hormonelle Faktoren sowie die Rolle des Urobioms diskutiert.

Schlussfolgerungen

Durch eine frühere Diagnosestellung und bessere operative Therapie kann der onkologische Verlauf der Harnblasenkarzinomerkrankung der Frau günstig beeinflusst werden. Weitere Analysen der genetischen, hormonellen und mikrobiologischen Faktoren könnten neue Wege in der Prävention, Diagnostik und Therapie des Harnblasenkarzinoms eröffnen.

Abstract

Background and objectives

Although the incidence of bladder cancer among women is lower, they tend to more often have advanced disease at presentation with a more aggressive course. It is still unclear which factors are responsible for the poorer prognosis of bladder cancer in women.

Materials and methods

Original papers and reviews from 2004 until 2022 were identified in a PubMed search and evaluated.

Results

Multiple factors are likely responsible for the different courses of bladder cancer in women versus men. In the literature, epidemiologic and clinical aspects are discussed. Furthermore, genetic and hormonal causes and the role of the urobiome have been the focus of discussion more recently.

Conclusions

Earlier diagnosis and better surgical treatment could lead to a more favorable course of bladder cancer in women. Further analyses of genetic, hormonal, und microbiological factors could open new perspectives in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of bladder cancer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland

    Georgios Gakis

  2. Klinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Deutschland

    Dorothea Weckermann

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  1. Georgios Gakis
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  2. Dorothea Weckermann
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Correspondence to Dorothea Weckermann.

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Interessenkonflikt

G. Gakis und D. Weckermann geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Gakis, G., Weckermann, D. Geschlechtsassoziierte Unterschiede beim Harnblasenkarzinom. Urologie 61, 1060–1067 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-022-01914-4

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