Zusammenfassung
Während „Enhanced recovery after surgery“(ERAS)-Protokolle in der Erwachsenenurologie, insbesondere bei Zystektomien oder Eingriffen mit (Dünn)darmanastomosen fest etabliert sind, gibt es für das pädiatrische Patientengut insgesamt und kinderurologische Eingriffe im Besonderen erst seit jüngster Zeit diesbezügliche Daten. Die einzelnen Charakteristika solcher Protokolle sind gut untersucht und es zeigten sich auch für Kinder signifikante Vorteile ohne erhöhtes Komplikationsrisiko. In mehreren kleinen Studien konnte die Sicherheit und Effizienz von ERAS-Protokollen gezeigt werden, ein Konsensus über ein spezifisch pädiatrisches ERAS-Protokoll für kinderurolgische Eingriffe existiert jedoch noch nicht.
Abstract
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are widely established in adult urology, especially for cystectomies and procedures involving the (small) bowel. However, data concerning pediatric surgery and pediatric urologic surgery are scarce. Individual items of ERAS protocols have been well-studied and significant benefits have also been shown for children without increased risk of complications. In a number of small series the safety and efficacy of implementing ERAS protocols have been reported recently. A broad consensus and a guideline for a common pediatric ERAS protocol is not yet available.
Literatur
Bardram L, Funch-Jensen P, Jensen P et al (1995) Recovery after laparoscopic colonic surgery with epidural analgesia, and early oral nutrition and mobilisation. Lancet 345:763–764. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(95)90643-6
Brady M, Kinn S, Ness V et al (2009) Preoperative fasting for preventing perioperative complications in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 64:CD5285. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005285.pub2
Cerantola Y, Valerio M, Persson B et al (2013) Guidelines for perioperative care after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS®) society recommendations. Clin Nutr 32:879–887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2013.09.014
Chalmers DJ, Bielsky A, Wild TT et al (2015) Continuous local anesthetic infusion for children with spina bifida undergoing major reconstruction of the lower urinary tract. J Pediatr Urol 11(72):e1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2014.10.011
de Castro SMM, van den Esschert JW, van Heek NT et al (2008) A systematic review of the efficacy of gum chewing for the amelioration of postoperative Ileus. Dig Surg 25:39–45. https://doi.org/10.1159/000117822
Elias KM, Stone AB, McGinigle K et al (2019) The reporting on ERAS compliance, outcomes, and elements research (RECOvER) checklist: a joint statement by the ERAS® and ERAS® USA societies. World J Surg 43:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-018-4753-0
Farber NJ, Davis RB, Grimsby GM et al (2017) Bowel preparation prior to reconstructive urologic surgery in pediatric myelomeningocele patients. Can J Urol 24:9038–9042
Feldheiser A, Aziz O, Baldini G et al (2016) Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) for gastrointestinal surgery, part 2: consensus statement for anaesthesia practice. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 60:289–334. https://doi.org/10.1111/aas.12651
Fivez T, Kerklaan D, Mesotten D et al (2016) Early versus late parenteral nutrition in critically ill children. N Engl J Med 374:1111–1122. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1514762
Haid B, Karl A, Koen M et al (2018) Enhanced recovery after surgery protocol for pediatric urological augmentation and diversion surgery using small bowel. J Urol 200:1100–1106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.06.011
Haid B, Karl A, Koen M et al (2018) Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol, pediatric urologic augmentation and diversion surgery using small bowel. J Urol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.06.011
Husted H, Lunn TH, Troelsen A et al (2011) Why still in hospital after fast-track hip and knee arthroplasty? Acta Orthop 82:679–684. https://doi.org/10.3109/17453674.2011.636682
Roth JD, Misseri R, Whittaker SC et al (2018) Epidural analgesia decreases narcotic requirements in low level spina bifida patients undergoing urologic laparotomy for neurogenic bladder and bowel. J Urol 201:1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.06.063
Karl A, Buchner A, Becker A et al (2014) A new concept for early recovery after surgery for patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: results of a prospective randomized study. J Urol 191:335–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.08.019
Kehlet H (1997) Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation. Br J Anaesth 78:606–617. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/78.5.606
Kehlet H, Mogensen T (1999) Hospital stay of 2 days after open sigmoidectomy with a multimodal rehabilitation programme. Br J Surg 86:227–230. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2168.1999.01023.x
Kehlet H, Slim K (2012) The future of fast-track surgery. Br J Surg 99:1025–1026. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.8832
Kram B, Greenland M, Grant M et al (2018) Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous neostigmine for Ileus, acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, or refractory constipation. Ann Pharmacother 52:505–512. https://doi.org/10.1177/1060028018754302
Lewis J, Kinross J (2019) Mechanical bowel preparation for elective colorectal surgery. Tech Coloproctol 23:783–785. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10151-019-02061-3
Lewis SJ, Egger M, Sylvester PA, Thomas S (2001) Early enteral feeding versus „nil by mouth“ after gastrointestinal surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials. BMJ 323:773–776. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.323.7316.773
Luckey A, Livingston E, Taché Y (2003) Mechanisms and treatment of postoperative ileus. Arch Surg 138:206–214. https://doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.138.2.206
Nelson R, Edwards S, Tse B (2005) Prophylactic nasogastric decompression after abdominal surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 8:CD4929. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004929.pub2
Pediatric ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) Society, Brindle ME, Heiss K et al (2019) Embracing change: the era for pediatric ERAS is here. Pediatr Surg Int 35:631–634. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-019-04476-3
Pang KH, Groves R, Venugopal S et al (2017) Prospective implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols to radical cystectomy. Eur Urol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2017.07.031
Radke OC, Biedler A, Kolodzie K et al (2009) The effect of postoperative fasting on vomiting in children and their assessment of pain. Paediatr Anaesth 19:494–499. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2009.02974.x
Rove KO, Brockel MA, Saltzman AF et al (2018) Prospective study of enhanced recovery after surgery protocol in children undergoing reconstructive operations. J Pediatr Urol 14:252.e1–252.e9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.01.001
Schmid M, Rink M, Traumann M et al (2015) Evidence from the „PROspective MulticEnTer RadIcal cystectomy series 2011 (PROMETRICS 2011)“ study: how are preoperative patient characteristics associated with urinary diversion type after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer? Ann Surg Oncol 22:1032–1042. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-014-4029-3
Shinnick JK, Short HL, Heiss KF et al (2016) Enhancing recovery in pediatric surgery: a review of the literature. J Surg Res 202:165–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2015.12.051
Short HL, Heiss KF, Burch K et al (2018) Implementation of an enhanced recovery protocol in pediatric colorectal surgery. J Pediatr Surg 53:688–692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2017.05.004
Traut U, Brügger L, Kunz R et al (2008) Systemic prokinetic pharmacologic treatment for postoperative adynamic ileus following abdominal surgery in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 19:1104–1113. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004930.pub3
Weatherly DL, Szymanski KM, Whittam BM et al (2017) Comparing inpatient versus outpatient bowel preparation in children and adolescents undergoing appendicovesicostomy. J Pediatr Urol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.07.013
Weimann A, Breitenstein S, Aktuelle JB (2013) S3-Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährungsmedizin (DGEM) in Zusammenarbeit mit der GESKES, der AKE, der DGCH, der DGAI und der DGAV. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1359887
Zhao T, Huang L, Tian Y et al (2014) Is it necessary to insert nasogastric tube routinely after radical cystectomy with urinary diversion? A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 7:4627–4634
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Interessenkonflikt
B. Haid, L. Lusuardi und J. Oswald geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.
Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Haid, B., Lusuardi, L. & Oswald, J. „Enhanced recovery after surgery“ – ein Konzept auch im Kindesalter. Urologe 59, 294–299 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-020-01114-y
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-020-01114-y