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Charakterisierung der unterschiedlichen Entitäten beim Nierenzellkarzinom

Characterization of different renal cell carcinoma entities

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Typisierung des Nierenzellkarzinoms (NZK) hat in den letzten Jahren v. a. durch neue molekulare Befunde einen signifikanten Wandel erfahren.

Fragestellung

Klassische und neu akzeptierte sowie aufkommende Entitäten des NZK werden dargestellt.

Material und Methoden

Eine Literaturrecherche und die Auswertung und Darstellung der Literatur zum Thema verschiedener Entitäten des NZK wurden durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse

Die Gruppe der klassischen NZK wie das klarzellige, das papilläre und das chromophobe NZK wurden v. a. durch molekulare Techniken um die sog. Translokationskarzinome, die Karzinome mit Alterationen in Genen der mitochondrialen Energiegewinnung sowie potenzielle neue Entitäten erweitert.

Schlussfolgerung

Die World Health Organization (WHO) hat 2016 neue Tumorentitäten akzeptiert, es wurden aber auch zusätzliche Entitäten vorgeschlagen. Eine präzise Diagnose ist dabei für die prognostische Einschätzung, potenzielle neue Therapieverfahren sowie mögliche hereditäre Assoziationen von großer Bedeutung.

Abstract

Background

In recent years, the characterization of different renal cell carcinoma entities has significantly improved, in particular due to molecular typing.

Objectives

Classical, accepted and emerging renal cell carcinoma entities are described.

Materials and methods

A literature search was performed, followed by evaluation and description of the literature focusing on different renal cell carcinoma entities.

Results

Classical renal cell carcinoma entities such as clear cell carcinoma, papillary renal cell carcinoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma have been expanded in particular by molecular techniques to include, for example, translocation carcinoma or carcinoma with mutations in genes of the mitochondrial energy metabolism. Some rare entities have been accepted by the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, while some are considered as emerging entities.

Conclusions

A range of newly accepted and emerging renal cell carcinoma entities have been introduced in the 2016 WHO classification. A precise and correct diagnosis is of major importance regarding the prognostic assessment, potential new therapeutic strategies and possible hereditary associations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Pathologie und Molekularpathologie, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Schmelzbergstr. 12, 8091, Zürich, Schweiz

    N. J. Rupp & H. Moch

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Correspondence to N. J. Rupp.

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Interessenkonflikt

H. Moch ist als „Standing Member“ Mitglied des Editorial Boards der gesamten Blue Book-Serie „WHO Classification of Tumours“. N.J. Rupp gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Rupp, N.J., Moch, H. Charakterisierung der unterschiedlichen Entitäten beim Nierenzellkarzinom. Urologe 59, 135–141 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-019-01108-5

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