Zusammenfassung
Prävalenz und Inzidenz der Urolithiasis sind in den letzten Jahrzehnten deutlich angestiegen. Inadäquate Ernährungsgewohnheiten, Übergewicht und Lifestyle gelten als wesentliche Risikofaktoren für eine Harnsteinbildung. Primäres Ziel der Harnsteinmetaphylaxe ist die Korrektur des individuellen biochemischen Risikoprofils. Eine Senkung des Harnsteinbildungsrisikos und der Rezidivrate kann bereits durch eine adäquate Ernährungstherapie erzielt werden. Eine ausreichende zirkadiane Flüssigkeitszufuhr durch geeignete Getränke ist eine der effektivsten Ernährungsmaßnahmen. Die Reduktion von Übergewicht kann zur Verringerung des Rezidivrisikos zusätzlich beitragen.
Abstract
The prevalence and incidence of urolithiasis have markedly increased over the past several decades. Inappropriate dietary habits, overweight, and lifestyle are considered to be important risk factors for stone formation. The primary goal of metaphylaxis of stone disease is to correct the individual biochemical risk profile. A reduction in the risk of stone formation and recurrence rate can already be achieved by appropriate dietary treatment. One of the most effective dietary measures is a sufficient circadian fluid intake of suitable beverages. The reduction of overweight is suggested to additionally contribute to a decrease in the risk of recurrent stone formation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Literatur
Barzel US, Massey LK (1998) Excess dietary protein can adversely affect bone. J Nutr 128: 1051–1053
Borghi L, Meschi T, Amato F et al. (1996) Urinary volume, water and recurrences in idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis: a 5-year randomized prospective study. J Urol 155: 839–843
Borghi L, Schianchi T, Meschi T et al. (2002) Comparison of two diets for the prevention of recurrent stones in idiopathic hypercalciuria. N Engl J Med 346: 77–84
Buclin T, Cosma M, Appenzeller M et al. (2001) Diet acids and alkalis influence calcium retention in bone. Osteoporosis Int 12: 493–499
Curhan GC, Willett WC, Rimm EB et al. (1996) Prospective study of beverage use and the risk of kidney stones. Am J Epidemiol 143: 240–247
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung, Österreichische Gesellschaft für Ernährung, Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Ernährungsforschung, Schweizerische Vereinigung für Ernährung (D-A-CH) (2000) Referenzwerte für die Nährstoffzufuhr. Umschau Braus, Frankfurt/M
Goldfarb DS, Fischer ME, Keich Y, Goldberg J (2005) A twin study of genetic and dietary influences on nephrolithiasis: A report from the Vietnam Era Twin (VET) Registry. Kidney Int 67: 1053–1061
Hesse A, Brändle E, Wilbert D et al. (2003) Study on the prevalence and incidence of urolithiasis in Germany comparing the years 1979 vs. 2000. Eur Urol 44: 709–713
Hesse A, Kruse R, Geilenkeuser WJ, Schmidt M (2005) Quality control in urinary stone analysis: results of 44 ring trials (1980–2001). Clin Chem Lab Med 43: 298–303
Hesse A, Tiselius HG, Jahnen A (2002) Urinary stones. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of recurrence, 2nd edn. Karger, Basel
Massey LK, Sutton RAL (2004) Acute caffeine effects on urine composition and calcium kidney stone risk in calcium stone formers. J Urol 172: 555–558
Rodgers A (1999) Effect of cola consumption on urinary biochemical and physicochemical risk factors associated with calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Urol Res 27: 77–81
Siener R, Glatz S, Nicolay C, Hesse A (2004) The role of overweight and obesity in calcium oxalate stone formation. Obes Res 12: 106–113
Siener R, Hesse A (2002) The effect of different diets on urine composition and the risk of calcium oxalate crystallisation in healthy subjects. Eur Urol 42: 289–296
Siener R, Hesse A (2003) The effect of a vegetarian and different omnivorous diets on urinary risk factors for uric acid stone formation. Eur J Nutr 42: 332–337
Siener R, Hönow R, Seidler A et al. (2006) Oxalate contents of species of the Polygonaceae, Amaranthaceae and Chenopodiaceae families. Food Chem 98: 220–224
Siener R, Schade N, Nicolay C et al. (2005) The efficacy of dietary intervention on urinary risk factors for stone formation in recurrent calcium oxalate stone patients. J Urol 173: 1601–1605
Stamatelou KK, Francis ME, Jones CA et al. (2003) Time trends in reported prevalence of kidney stones in the United States: 1976–1994. Kidney Int 63: 1817–1823
Straub M, Strohmaier WL, Berg W et al. (2005) Diagnosis and metaphylaxis of stone disease – Consensus concept of the National Working Committee on Stone Disease for the Upcoming German Urolithiasis Guideline. World J Urol 23: 309–323
Taylor EN, Stampfer MJ, Curhan GC (2005) Obesity, weight gain, and the risk of kidney stones. JAMA 293: 455–462
von Unruh GE, Voss S, Sauerbruch T, Hesse A (2004) Dependence of oxalate absorption on the daily calcium intake. J Am Soc Nephrol 15: 1567–1573
Voss S, Hesse A, Zimmermann DJ et al. (2006) Intestinal oxalate absorption is higher in idiopathic calcium oxalate stone formers than in healthy controls: Measurements with the [13C2]oxalate absorption test. J Urol 175: 1711–1715
Wolfram G (2005) Hyperurikämie und Gicht. In: Adam O (Hrsg) Ernährungsmedizin in der Praxis. Spitta, Balingen
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Siener, R., Hesse, A. Moderne allgemeine Harnsteinmetaphylaxe. Urologe 45, 1392–1398 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-006-1219-z
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-006-1219-z