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Therapiestrategien des fortgeschrittenen Nierenkarzinoms

Therapy strategies for advanced renal cell carcinoma

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Zusammenfassung

Die Therapie des metastasierten Nierenkarzinoms hat in den letzten Jahren eine grundlegende Wandlung erfahren. Galt diese Entität früher als infaust und inoperabel, so gilt mittlerweile als gesichert, dass die Tumornephrektomie auch bei metastasierten Primärtumoren als urologisch-onkologischer Standard gilt, sofern im individuellen Fall vertretbar und technisch machbar. Auch die operative Entfernung von Metastasen, sofern eine komplette Resektion möglich ist, gilt als kurativer Ansatz. Ein besseres Verständnis der Prognosefaktoren erleichtert die Selektion von Patienten, die von einem systemischen Ansatz der Immunchemotherapie profitieren werden. Für rasch progrediente Fälle oder Patienten mit sarkomatoider Differenzierung stehen effektive Chemotherapien zur Verfügung. Angiogeneseinhibitoren wie Sutent, Avastin und Sorafenib bieten zukünftig eine effektive Erweiterung des therapeutischen Spektrums.

Abstract

The therapeutic regimen for metastatic renal cell cancer has changed substantially in the last years. Formerly, metastatic disease was regarded as being inoperable and had a disastrous prognosis. Nowadays, radical nephrectomy is the accepted urologic-oncologic standard therapy in metastatic primaries, if technically feasible. A complete resection of metastases may be curative, or can achieve a substantial palliative benefit. A better understanding of prognostic parameters helps in the selection of patients with a chance of benefiting from systemic immunochemotherapy. For patients with rapidly progressing tumors or sarcomatoid dedifferentiation, new effective chemotherapy regimens are available. New angiogenesis inhibitors such as sutent, avastin or sorafenib can potentially be effectively used in future therapeutic regimens.

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Staehler, M., Haseke, N., Schöppler, G. et al. Therapiestrategien des fortgeschrittenen Nierenkarzinoms. Urologe 45, 99–112 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-005-0982-6

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