Skip to main content
Log in

Urologische Betreuung von Patienten vor und nach Nierentransplantation

Urological evaluation and follow-up of the kidney transplant patient

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Urologe Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Terminal niereninsuffiziente Patienten bedürfen bis zur Nierentransplantation (NTX) einer regelmäßigen urologischen Vorsorgeuntersuchung. Ziel ist die Früherkennung und Behandlung urologischer Tumoren, die Abklärung der oberen und unteren Harnwege und ggf. die Indikationsstellung zu einer urologischen Operation vor Freigabe zur NTX (z. B. Nephrektomie bei polyzystischen Nieren). Die urologische Nachbetreuung nierentransplantierter Patienten dient vornähmlich der Erkennung und Behandlung von Harnleiterkomplikationen und symptomatischen Lymphozelen. In der längerfristigen Nachsorge liegt das Augenmerk auf der Tumorfrüherkennung. Die Behandlung einer eventuellen erektilen Dysfunktion nach Nierentransplantation gehört ebenfalls zu den Aufgaben des behandelnden Urologen.

Im Rahmen der Lebendnierenspende muss sowohl vorher als auch in der Nachsorge eine urologische Betreuung erfolgen. Die Evaluation der Lebendspender sollte an Hand international gültiger Leitfäden erfolgen

Abstract

Patients with end-stage renal disease awaiting kidney transplantation require regular urological evaluation. The urologist’s main task is early diagnosis and treatment of genitourinary malignancies and evaluation of the lower urinary tract. Furthermore, urologists are often confronted with the question of whether or not to perform pretransplant urological surgery, i.e., native nephrectomy for polycystic kidney disease. Urological care after kidney transplantation involves diagnosis and treatment of ureteral complications, malignancies, lower urinary tract symptoms, and last but not least erectile dysfunction, which has a prevalence of 20–50% among kidney transplant recipients.

For the evaluation and follow-up of the living kidney donor, international guidelines have been developed in recent years to also help the urologist to perform a correct evaluation and follow-up of the kidney donor.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Literatur

  1. Wafa EW, Donia AF, Ali-El-Dein B et al. (2004) Evaluation and selection of potential live kidney donors. J Urol 171: 1424–1427

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Delmonico F (2005) A report of the Amsterdam Forum on the Care of the Live Kidney Donor: Data and medical Guidelines. Transplantation 79: 53–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Giessing M, Kroencke TJ, Taupitz M et al. (2003) Gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography versus conventional digital subtraction angiography: which modality is superior in evaluating living kidney donors? Transplantation 76: 1000–1002

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Posselt AM, Mahanty H, Kang SM et al. (2004) Laparoscopic right donor nephrectomy: a large single-center experience. Transplantation 78: 1665–1669

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Hsu TH, Su LM, Ratner LE et al. (2003) Impact of renal artery multiplicity on outcomes of renal donors and recipients in laparoscopic donor nephrectomy. Urology 61: 323–327

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Giessing M, Reuter S, Schonberger B et al. (2004) Quality of life of living kidney donors in Germany: a survey with the Validated Short Form-36 and Gießen Subjective Complaints List-24 questionnaires. Transplantation 78: 864–872

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Alfrey EJ, Salvatierra O Jr, Tanney DC et al. (1997) Bladder augmentation can be problematic with renal failure and transplantation. Pediatr Nephrol 11: 672–675

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Power RE, Hickey DP, Little DM (2004) Urological evaluation prior to renal transplantation. Transplant Proc 36: 2962–2967

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Djavan B, Shariat S, Ghawidel K et al. (1999) Impact of chronic dialysis on serum PSA, free PSA, and free/total PSA ratio: is prostate cancer detection compromised in patients receiving long-term dialysis? Urology 53: 1169–1174

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Maisonneuve P, Agodoa L, Gellert R et al. (1999) Cancer in patients on dialysis for end-stage renal disease: an international collaborative study. Lancet 354: 93–99

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Katznelson S, Bhaduri S, Cecka JM (1997) Clinical aspects of sensitization. Clin Transpl 3(4): 285

    Google Scholar 

  12. Termorshuizen F, Dekker FW, van Manen JG et al. (2004) Relative contribution of residual renal function and different measures of adequacy to survival in hemodialysis patients: an analysis of the Netherlands Cooperative Study on the Adequacy of Dialysis (NECOSAD)-2. J Am Soc Nephrol 15: 1061–1070

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Rocco MV, Frankenfield DL, Prowant B et al. (2002) Risk factors for early mortality in U.S. peritoneal dialysis patients: impact of residual renal function. Perit Dial Int 22: 371–379

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Fuller TF, Kang SM, Hirose R et al. (2003) Management of lymphoceles after renal transplantation: laparoscopic versus open drainage. J Urol 69: 2022–2025

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Hamza A, Loertzer H, Wicht A et al. (2005) Therapie der Lymphozelenbildung nach Nierentransplantation — offene oder laparoskopische Operationstechnik? Transplantationsmedizin 17: 50–55

    Google Scholar 

  16. Streeter EH, Little DM, Cranston DW et al. (2002) The urological complications of renal transplantation: a series of 1535 patients. BJU Int 90: 627–634

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Andres A (2005) Cancer incidence after immunosuppressive treatment following kidney transplantation. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 21: 200–205

    Google Scholar 

  18. Guichard G, Rebibou JM, Chalopin JM et al. (2005) Impact of the CD4 Lymphocytopenia, on de novo urological malignancies development after kidney transplantation. American Transplant Congress, Seattle 2005, S 299

  19. Vatandaslar S, Merkel S, Haller H et al. (2005) Risk factors for renal cell carcinoma in acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD) after renal transplantation. American Transplant Congress, Seattle 2005, S 391

  20. Malavaud B, Rostaing L, Rischmann P et al. (2000) High prevalence of erectile dysfunction after renal transplantation. Transplantation 69: 2121–2124

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Lasaponara F, Paradiso M, Milan MG et al. (2004) Erectile dysfunction after kidney transplantation: our 22 years of experience. Transplant Proc 36: 502–504

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Barrou B, Cuzin B, Malavaud B et al. (2003) Early experience with sildenafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in renal transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 18: 411–417

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Interessenkonflikt:

Es besteht kein Interessenkonflikt. Der korrespondierende Autor versichert, dass keine Verbindungen mit einer Firma, deren Produkt in dem Artikel genannt ist, oder einer Firma, die ein Konkurrenzprodukt vertreibt, bestehen. Die Präsentation des Themas ist unabhängig und die Darstellung der Inhalte produktneutral.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. F. Fuller.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Fuller, T.F., Liefeldt, L., Dragun, D. et al. Urologische Betreuung von Patienten vor und nach Nierentransplantation. Urologe 45, 53–59 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-005-0964-8

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-005-0964-8

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation