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Chirurgisch-technische Aspekte der Nierentransplantation

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Zusammenfassung

Die urologisch-chirurgischen Techniken der Nierentransplantation sind standardisiert und haben in den letzten 50 Jahren kaum wichtige Änderungen erfahren.

Durch den anhaltenden Spendermangel kommen aber zunehmend technisch anspruchsvolle operative Verfahren und marginale Organe zum Einsatz. Das betrifft Kinderspendernieren, anatomische Varianten, En-bloc-Transplantationen und Mehrfachgefäßversorgungen. Die operativ-technischen Entwicklungen (z. B. laparoskopische Techniken) sind auch im Bereich der Nierentransplantation etabliert.

Wir geben mit unserem Artikel einen Überblick über den Standard der Technik der Nierentransplantation, möglicher chirurgischer und urologischer Komplikationen, Ergebnisse des eigenen Patientenguts und gehen auf technische Modifikationen bezüglich der Gefäßnahttechniken, Besonderheiten im Kindesalter, Management von Komplikationen und auf Sonderfälle sowie experimentelle Verfahren ein.

Abstract

Surgical techniques in renal transplantation are standardized and have remained basically unchanged for the last 50 years. A limited pool of donor organs is still an unsolved problem. Therefore, marginal organs are also used. Sophisticated techniques are used in children and in cases with vascular problems or complications. Laparoscopic techniques are emerging in renal transplantation.

The article provides an overview on current technical standards of renal transplantation and potential surgical and urological complications. We report the results of our own renal transplantation program with special emphasis on vascular techniques, pediatric transplantation, and the management of complications. Special case reports are included.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena

    W. Werner, D.-H. Zermann & J. Schubert

  2. Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Lessingstraße 1, 07740, Jena

    W. Werner

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  1. W. Werner
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  2. D.-H. Zermann
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  3. J. Schubert
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Correspondence to W. Werner.

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Werner, W., Zermann, DH. & Schubert, J. Chirurgisch-technische Aspekte der Nierentransplantation. Urologe [A] 42, 328–337 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-002-0274-3

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