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Koronare Herzcomputertomographie

Coronary heart-CT

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Zusammenfassung

Die ischämische Herzkrankheit steht auf Platz 1 der WHO-Todesursachenstatistik. Dank der technischen Entwicklungen in der Computertomographie (CT) der letzten Jahre ist es inzwischen möglich, das Herz und v. a. die Koronararterien mit diagnostisch ausreichender örtlicher und zeitlicher Auflösung zu untersuchen. Die native Untersuchung des Herzens mit Bestimmung der Koronararterienkalklast ist – neben der Einstufung durch konventionelle Risikofaktoren – ein Faktor in der Risikostratifizierung von asymptomatischen Patienten. Die CT-Koronarangiographie mit Kontrastmittel kann Stenosen identifizieren und quantifizieren und auch nichtverkalkte Plaques der Koronararterien lokalisieren. Außerdem können die Koronararterienanatomie sowie Gefäßbypässe und eingeschränkt auch Koronarstents beurteilt werden.

Abstract

Ischemic heart disease holds first place in WHO mortality statistics. Thanks to recent technical developments in computer tomography (CT), it is now possible to examine the heart, and the coronary arteries in particular, with sufficient temporal and spatial resolution. Native examination of the heart including identification of coronary calcification has an effect on the risk stratification of asymptomatic patients in addition to classification of conventional risk factors. Contrast-enhanced CT coronary angiography can identify and quantify stenoses and localize non-calcified plaques. Furthermore, it is possible to evaluate coronary artery anatomy, vessel grafts and, to a lesser degree, coronary stents.

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Abbreviations

AHA:

American Heart Association

bpm:

„beats per minute“

CT:

Computertomographie

CTA:

CT-Angiographie

EKG:

Echokardiogramm

KHK:

Koronare Herzerkrankung

LCA:

„left coronary artery“, A. coronaria sinistra (Hauptstamm)

MPR:

Gekrümmte multiplanare Rekonstruktion

MR-Angiographie:

Magnetresonanztomographische Angiographie

MRT:

Magnetresonanztomographie

PET:

Positronenemissionstomographie

PROCAM:

Prospective Cardiovascular Münster

RCA:

„right coronary artery“, A. coronaria dextra

RCX:

Ramus circumflexus

RIVA:

Ramus interventricularis anterior

SPECT:

Single-Photonenemissionscomputertomographie

SRI:

Scanrekonstruktionsintervall

WHO:

Weltgesundheitsorganisation

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Danksagung

Wir danken PD Dr. C. Becker für die kritische Überarbeitung des Textes und die konstruktiven Vorschläge.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zentralinstitut für Bildgebende Diagnostik, Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Moltkestraße 90, 76133, Karlsruhe, Deutschland

    N. Faucheron & P. Reimer

Authors
  1. N. Faucheron
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  2. P. Reimer
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Correspondence to N. Faucheron.

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Faucheron, N., Reimer, P. Koronare Herzcomputertomographie. Radiologe 48, 681–696 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-008-1677-y

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