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Radiologische Diagnostik der Lungentuberkulose

Radiologic diagnosis of lung tuberculosis

  • Leitthema: Interstitielle Lungenerkrankungen
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Zusammenfassung

Das Kennen und Erkennen charakteristischer Tuberkulose-assoziierter Lungenveränderungen stellt einen Grundpfeiler in der Diagnostik der Tuberkulose dar. Neben dem Thoraxröntgen spielt die Computertomographie bei der Lungentuberkulose eine zunehmend wichtigere Rolle, da sie wesentlich sensitiver beim Nachweis von Kavernen, einer hilären und mediastinalen Lymphadenopathie, von Streuherden und Komplikationen der Tuberkulose ist. Die Computertomographie erlaubt die Beurteilung einer Aktivität speziell bei negativem Nachweis der Mykobakterien im Sputum und bei multiresistenter Tuberkulose. Die Tuberkulose kann in Abhängigkeit von der Immunlage des Patienten ein sehr unterschiedliches Erscheinungsbild haben. Die frühzeitige Diagnose und Therapie sind entscheidend, um eine weitere Ausbreitung zu verhindern.

Abstract

The radiologic knowledge of tuberculosis-associated lung disease is an essential tool in the clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis. Chest radiography is the primary imaging method, but the importance of CT is still increasing, as CT is more sensitive in the detection of cavitation, of hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathie, of endobronchial spread and of complications in the course of the disease. In addition, CT has been proven as a valuable technique in the assessment of tuberculosis activity, especially in patients where M. tuberculosis has not been detected in the sputum or in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Depending on the immune status of the patient, the morphologic spectrum of tuberculosis is quite variable. Early diagnosis of tuberculosis is essential to prevent further spread of the disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Röntgendiagnostik, Otto-Wagner-Spital, Sanatoriumsstr. 2, A-1140, Wien, Österreich

    E. Eisenhuber & G. Mostbeck

  2. Klinik für Radiodiagnostik, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich

    A. Bankier & A. Stadler

  3. Interne Lungenabteilung, Otto-Wagner-Spital Wien, Wien, Österreich

    R. Rumetshofer

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  1. E. Eisenhuber
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  2. G. Mostbeck
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  3. A. Bankier
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  4. A. Stadler
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  5. R. Rumetshofer
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Correspondence to E. Eisenhuber.

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Eisenhuber, E., Mostbeck, G., Bankier, A. et al. Radiologische Diagnostik der Lungentuberkulose. Radiologe 47, 393–400 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-006-1458-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-006-1458-4

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