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Trennungsangststörung

Separation anxiety disorder

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Zusammenfassung

In der 5. Auflage des Diagnostischen und Statistischen Manuals Psychischer Erkrankungen (DSM‑5) hat die Trennungsangststörung („separation anxiety disorder“) Einzug in das Kapitel der Angststörungen erhalten. Damit wurde das frühere Kriterium des Ersterkrankungsalters in Kindheit oder Jugend aufgehoben. Die Trennungsangststörung weist eine Lebenszeitprävalenz von 4,8 % auf, wobei das Ersterkrankungsalter häufig über 18 Jahren liegt. Trotz ihrer hohen Prävalenz ist die Trennungsangststörung jedoch häufig unterdiagnostiziert und bleibt in der Folge unbehandelt. In dieser narrativen Übersichtsarbeit werden Ätiologie, klinische Merkmale, diagnostische Kriterien und wichtige differenzialdiagnostische Aspekte, häufige Komorbiditäten sowie Implikationen für die Behandlung der Trennungsangststörung zusammengefasst. Weiterhin werden relevante Aspekte für den klinischen Alltag sowie auch zukünftige Perspektiven für Praxis und Forschung diskutiert.

Abstract

In the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) separation anxiety disorder has been included in the chapter on anxiety disorders, thereby removing the age of onset restriction that previously required first onset during childhood or adolescence. Separation anxiety disorder has a lifetime prevalence of 4.8% and onset often occurs after the age of 18 years. Despite the high prevalence, separation anxiety disorder is often underdiagnosed and subsequently remains untreated. This narrative review summarizes the etiology, clinical features, diagnostic criteria as well as important differential diagnostic aspects, common comorbidity profiles and treatment implications of separation anxiety disorder. Furthermore, relevant implications for everyday practice and future perspectives for treatment and research are discussed.

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Danksagung

Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di La Spezia (MAS); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Sonderforschungsbereich SFB-TRR58 „Furcht, Angst, Angsterkrankungen“ – Projektnummer 44541416 (KD: Teilprojekt C02). MAS und KD sind Mitglieder des Anxiety Disorder Research Network (ADRN) des European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP).

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Correspondence to M. A. Schiele.

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Interessenkonflikt

K. Domschke ist Mitglied im „Steering Committee Neurosciences“ der Janssen-Cilag GmbH. M.A. Schiele gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Schiele, M.A., Domschke, K. Trennungsangststörung. Nervenarzt 92, 426–432 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-020-01037-1

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