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Psychische Gesundheit von Teenagermüttern: Auswirkungen auf die nächste Generation

Mental health of teenage mothers: impact on the next generation

  • Leitthema
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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Mutterschaft in der Adoleszenz ist mit Risiken sowohl für die junge Mutter als auch für die Kinder verbunden.

Fragestellung

Darstellung des aktuellen Forschungsstands zur psychischen Gesundheit minderjähriger Mütter und deren Auswirkungen auf die Entwicklung ihrer Kinder.

Material und Methode

Elektronische Datenbankrecherche in PubMed unter Verwendung verschiedener kombinierter Schlüsselbegriffe wie „teenage pregnancy“, „adolescent pregnancy“, „teenage mother“, „child development“, „mother-child interaction“, Durchsicht der Literaturangaben der gefundenen Quellen und Diskussion aktueller Publikationen und Datenbanken öffentlicher Träger.

Ergebnisse

Neben psychosozialen Risiken wie geringere Bildungsjahre durch die Familiengründung und geringerem Einkommen finden sich häufiger psychische Erkrankungen bei jungen Müttern, sowohl vor Eintritt der Schwangerschaft als auch im Verlauf durch die zusätzlichen Belastungen der Mutterschaft in der eigenen Entwicklungsphase der Jugend. Diese können sich ungünstig auf das Interaktionsverhalten der Mutter-Kind-Dyaden und dadurch auf die psychosoziale und kognitive Entwicklung der Kinder auswirken und eine transgenerationale Weitergabe von Risiken bewirken.

Schlussfolgerungen

Neben der Primärprävention durch die Verhinderung von Schwangerschaften im Jugendalter ist die frühe Identifikation risikobelasteter adoleszenter Müttern und ihrer Kinder für frühe Behandlung und Intervention notwendig.

Abstract

Background

Motherhood in adolescence is associated with risks for both the young mother and the children.

Objective

Presentation of the current state of research on the mental health of adolescent mothers and its effects on the development of their children.

Material and methods

Electronic database search in PubMed using various combined key terms such as “teenage pregnancy”, “adolescent pregnancy”, “teenage mother”, “child development”, “mother-child interaction”. Review of the literature of the sources found and discussion of current publications and databases of public institutions.

Results

In addition to psychosocial risks such as fewer education years due to family formation and lower incomes, young mothers also suffer more frequently from mental disorders, both before pregnancy and due to the additional burden of motherhood in their own developmental phase of youth. These can have unfavorable effects on the mother-child interaction and on the psychosocial and cognitive development of the children, thereby leading to the transgenerational transmission of risk factors.

Conclusion

In addition to primary prevention by avoiding teenage pregnancies, early identification of adolescent mothers and children at risk for early treatment and intervention is necessary.

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Förderung

Diese Arbeit wurde durch das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (UBICA-I-Projekt, Fördernummer: 01KR1207B, UBICA-II-Projekt, Fördernummer: 01KR1803A) gefördert.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Universitätsklinikum RWTH Aachen, Neuenhofer Weg 21, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland

    B. Dahmen M. Sc. & B. Herpertz-Dahlmann

  2. Klinische Neuropsychologie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland

    K. Konrad, L. Jahnen & C. Firk

  3. Molekulare Neurowissenschaften und Bildgebung, Translationale Hirnforschung, Aachen & Jülich Research Alliance, JARA Brain Institut-II (INM-11), Jülich, Deutschland

    K. Konrad & B. Herpertz-Dahlmann

  4. Katholische Hochschule Nordrhein-Westfalen, Standort Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland

    C. Firk

Authors
  1. B. Dahmen M. Sc.
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  2. K. Konrad
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  3. L. Jahnen
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  4. B. Herpertz-Dahlmann
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  5. C. Firk
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to B. Dahmen M. Sc..

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Interessenkonflikt

B. Herpertz-Dahlmann hat Forschungsförderung von der DFG, dem BMBF, dem MAGS NRW und der EU erhalten. K. Konrad hat Forschungsförderung von der DFG, dem BMBF und der EU erhalten. C. Firk erhielt Forschungsförderung von der medizinischen Fakultät der RWTH Aachen. B. Dahmen und L. Jahnen geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Dahmen, B., Konrad, K., Jahnen, L. et al. Psychische Gesundheit von Teenagermüttern: Auswirkungen auf die nächste Generation. Nervenarzt 90, 243–250 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-018-0661-7

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