Zusammenfassung
Psychische Störungen gehören zu den großen medizinischen und gesellschaftlichen Herausforderungen, treten in allen Lebensabschnitten auf und zählen zu den wichtigsten Volkskrankheiten. In Deutschland leiden jedes Jahr 28 % der Bevölkerung unter psychischen Störungen; das Lebenszeitrisiko, an einer psychischen Störung zu erkranken, beträgt nahezu 50 %. Psychische Störungen verursachen großes Leid für die Betroffenen und ihr soziales Netzwerk. Sie sind aufgrund von verringerter Arbeitsproduktivität, Arbeitsausfall und Frühberentung mit der quantitativ größten Krankheitslast aller Krankheitsgruppen verbunden. Das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung fördert von 2015 bis 2019 mit bis zu 35 Mio. Euro ein neues Forschungsnetz zu psychischen Erkrankungen, um über Grundlagenforschung und translationale klinische Forschung bessere Behandlungs- und Versorgungsstrategien zu entwickeln. Das aus einer kompetitiven Ausschreibung hervorgegangene Forschungsnetz zu psychischen Erkrankungen ist ein bundesweiter Zusammenschluss von neun Themenverbünden mit bis zu zehn Partnerinstitutionen psychiatrischer und klinisch-psychologischer, überwiegend universitärer Forschungseinrichtungen für Erwachsene bzw. für Kinder und Jugendliche. Zusätzlich wird auf drei verbundübergreifenden Querschnittsplattformen nach gemeinsamen Ursachen der Krankheitsentwicklung und neuen Möglichkeiten der Diagnostik von Angststörungen, Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivitäts-Störungen (ADHS), Autismus, bipolaren Störungen, Depressionen, Schizophrenie und psychotischen Störungen sowie Suchterkrankungen gesucht. Das Spektrum der untersuchten therapeutischen Ansätze reicht von innovativen pharmakologischen und psychotherapeutischen Therapien bis hin zu neuen Gehirnstimulationsverfahren. Eine nachhaltige Strukturförderung für psychische Erkrankungen ist künftig angesichts der hohen gesellschaftlichen Belastung dringend erforderlich. Das Netzwerk strebt an, Nukleus für eine nachhaltige Strukturförderung eines Deutschen Zentrums für psychische Erkrankungen zu werden.
Abstract
Mental disorders are among the greatest medical and social challenges facing us. They can occur at all stages of life and are among the most important commonly occurring diseases. In Germany 28 % of the population suffer from a mental disorder every year, while the lifetime risk of suffering from a mental disorder is almost 50 %. Mental disorders cause great suffering for those affected and their social network. Quantitatively speaking, they can be considered to be among those diseases creating the greatest burden for society due to reduced productivity, absence from work and premature retirement. The Federal Ministry of Education and Research is funding a new research network from 2015 to 2019 with up to 35 million euros to investigate mental disorders in order to devise and develop better therapeutic measures and strategies for this population by means of basic and translational clinical research. This is the result of a competitive call for research proposals entitled research network for mental diseases. It is a nationwide network of nine consortia with up to ten psychiatric and clinical psychology partner institutions from largely university-based research facilities for adults and/or children and adolescents. Furthermore, three cross-consortia platform projects will seek to identify shared causes of diseases and new diagnostic modalities for anxiety disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHS), autism, bipolar disorders, depression, schizophrenia and psychotic disorders as well as substance-related and addictive disorders. The spectrum of therapeutic approaches to be examined ranges from innovative pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment to novel brain stimulation procedures. In light of the enormous burden such diseases represent for society as a whole, a sustainable improvement in the financial support for those researching mental disorders seems essential. This network aims to become a nucleus for long overdue and sustained support for a German center for mental disorders.
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A. Heinz, I. Kamp-Becker, A. Meyer-Lindenberg und F. Schneider geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. T. Banaschewski war innerhalb der letzten drei Jahre als Berater für die Firmen Actelion, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Hexal Pharma, Janssen-Cilag, Eli Lilly, Medice, Novartis, PCM Scientific, Shire, Yes-Pharma und Vifor Pharma tätig und hat Vortragshonorare von den Firmen Lilly, Janssen, McNeil, Medice, Novartis und Shire sowie Drittmittelförderung von den Firmen Shire und Vifor Pharma erhalten. Die vorliegende Publikation steht damit nicht im Zusammenhang. M. Bauer übte Beratertätigkeiten für AstraZeneca, Ferrer Int., Merz, Novartis, Janssen, Lilly, Lundbeck, Otsuka, Servier und Takeda aus und erhielt Vortragshonorare von AstraZeneca, Ferrer Int., Pfizer, Lilly, Lundbeck, Otsuka und Servier. Inhalte der vorliegenden Publikation stehen damit nicht im Zusammenhang. F. Padberg erhielt Honorare für Referententätigkeit von MAG & More GmbH sowie Unterstützung von der neuroConn GmbH und Brainsway Inc. für Forschungsvorhaben. M.A. Rapp hat in den letzten fünf Jahren bezahlte Vorträge und Beratungen für die folgenden Firmen durchgeführt: GlaxoSmithKline, Johnson & Johnson, Lilly, Merz, Willmar Schwabe. R. Rupprecht übt eine Beratertätigkeit für Grünenthal sowie Vortragstätigkeit für Servier aus. Ein Zusammenhang mit dem deutschen Forschungsnetz zu psychischen Erkrankungen sowie dem Inhalt des Manuskripts besteht diesbezüglich nicht. T.G. Schulze erhält finanzielle Unterstützung eines Forschungsprojekts von Roche. H.-U. Wittchen war oder ist Mitglied von Advisory Boards folgender Firmen: Lundbeck, Servier, Pfizer und Sanofi. Er hat ferner Projektzuwendungen für die Durchführung diverser epidemiologischer Studien der gleichen Firmen erhalten und ist Mitglied des Boards der Lundbeck Foundation (Dänemark) sowie Mitglied des THINC Steering Boards (Lundbeck).
Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.
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Dokument 1: Neun Tabellen zur Struktur des Forschungsverbunds unterschiedlicher psychischer Erkrankungen sowie 2 Übersichtsabbildungen zu den Forschungsstandorten und den Querschnittsprojekten.
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Bauer, M., Banaschewski, T., Heinz, A. et al. Das deutsche Forschungsnetz zu psychischen Erkrankungen. Nervenarzt 87, 989–1010 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-016-0169-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-016-0169-y