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Subjektive psychische Arbeitsbelastungen und Berufszufriedenheit im Fachgebiet der stationären Neurologie

Subjective job strain and job satisfaction among neurologists in German hospitals

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Psychische Arbeitsbelastungen führen immer häufiger zu Arbeitsausfällen.

Ziel der Arbeit

Die Studie analysiert die Arbeitssituation klinisch tätiger Neurologen hinsichtlich Arbeitszufriedenheit und Arbeitsüberforderung.

Material und Methoden

Die vorliegende Arbeit ist Bestandteil der iCEPT-Studie. Hierbei handelt es sich um eine webbasierte Querschnittsstudie zur Analyse der ärztlichen Arbeitsbedingungen in deutschen Kliniken. Hierzu wurden 2013 insgesamt 7090 Ärzte befragt. Mithilfe validierter Fragebögen werden die psychische Arbeitsbelastung und die Berufszufriedenheit gemessen.

Ergebnisse

Insgesamt konnten die Daten von 354 Neurologen bei einer Rücklaufquote von 18,2 % ausgewertet werden. Psychische Arbeitsbelastungen (Disstress) nahmen insgesamt 52,0 % (95 %-Konfidenzintervall [KI] 46,7–57,2) der Befragten wahr. Zwischen den Geschlechtern waren keine signifikanten Unterschiede nachweisbar. Allerdings nahmen Assistenzärzte signifikant häufiger Disstress wahr als Oberärzte (Odds Ratio [OR] 2,9; 95 %-KI 1,6–4,7; p < 0,001). In Bezug auf die Arbeitszufriedenheit gaben 59,6 % (95 %-KI 54,5–64,7) der Befragten an, sehr zufrieden mit ihrem Beruf zu sein. Hierbei lag die OR zwischen Oberärzten und Assistenzärzten bei 2,9 (95 %-KI 1,7–4,8; p < 0,001) und damit waren signifikant mehr Oberärzte zufrieden mit ihrem Beruf.

Diskussion

Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Studie weisen für das Fachgebiet der Neurologie hohe psychische Belastungen auf. Diese sollten im Sinn einer Verhältnisprävention möglichst vermieden werden. Eine Möglichkeit dies zu erreichen besteht darin, den Ärzten in ihrem Arbeitsalltag weiträumigere Entscheidungsspielräume zu gewähren und dadurch einen wichtigen Stressor im Arbeitsumfeld auszuschalten bzw. zu verkleinern.

Abstract

Background

The number of sick leaves due to job strain is increasing.

Objective

This study’s scope is to examine working conditions of neurologists in hospitals in regard to job strain and job satisfaction.

Methods

This study is part of the iCEPT-Study. The iCEPT-Study was conducted as a web based survey among physicians (n = 7090) in German hospitals. The focus was on working conditions regarding job strain. Job strain was measured by a questionnaire consisting of items and scales from the short version of the Effort-Reward-Imbalance (ERI) questionnaire and the short questionnaire for working analysis (KFZA). By calculation ratios of distinct scales according to validated stress models a conclusion could be drawn as to whether or not job strain was present.

Results

The total number of n = 354 neurologists were analyzed. The response rate was at 18.2 %. Job strain was encountered by 52.0 % (95 %-KI: 46.7|57.2) of all neurologists and no significant gender difference was present. However, resident neurologists were significantly more often exposed to job strain than attending neurologists (OR = 2.9; 95 %-KI: 1.6–4.7; p < 0.001). Regarding job satisfaction, 59.6 % (95 %-KI: 54.5–64.7) of all respondents stated to be satisfied with their job. Significantly more men were satisfied than women (OR = 1.5; 95 %-KI: 1.0–2.4; p < 0.05). Putting the focus on different occupational positions revealed that significantly more attendings were satisfied with their job than residents (OR = 2.9; 95 %-KI: 1.7–4.8; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The results of this study showed high prevalence of job strain among neurologists in German hospitals. Keeping the negative implications of mental and physical health in mind, the working conditions of neurologists must be improved. As shown in this study, a possible way to do so is to increase job control in order to decrease a major stressor at work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60329, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland

    J. Bauer,  M. H. K. Bendels &  D. A. Groneberg

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  1. J. Bauer
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  2. M. H. K. Bendels
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  3. D. A. Groneberg
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Correspondence to J. Bauer.

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J. Bauer, M.H.K. Bendels und D.A. Groneberg geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Bauer, J., Bendels, M.H.K. & Groneberg, D.A. Subjektive psychische Arbeitsbelastungen und Berufszufriedenheit im Fachgebiet der stationären Neurologie. Nervenarzt 87, 629–633 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-016-0076-2

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