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Therapieoptionen bei immunvermittelten Enzephalomyelitiden

Therapeutic options for autoimmune encephalomyelitis

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Zusammenfassung

Autoantikörper gegen neuronale Strukturen gewinnen in der Differenzialdiagnostik und Klassifikation verschiedener neurologischer Erkrankungen zunehmend an Bedeutung, z. B. bei der Neuromyelitis optica, bei paraneoplastischen ZNS-Erkrankungen, beim Stiff-Person-Syndrom und bei Autoimmunepilepsien. Da es sich um seltene Syndrome handelt, liegen bislang keine ausreichend evidenzbasierten Therapiedaten vor. Zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt werden vorrangig verschiedene immunmodulatorische und -suppressive Substanzen angewendet, zusätzlich spielt bei paraneoplastischen Syndromen die Behandlung der zugrunde liegenden Krebserkrankung eine zentrale Rolle. Diese Übersicht dient der zusammenfassenden Darstellung der aktuellen Literatur hinsichtlich bisheriger Erfahrungen in der Behandlung und daraus abgeleiteten Therapieempfehlungen.

Summary

Autoantibodies to neuronal tissue are becoming increasingly more important in the evaluation and classification of several neurological diseases, e.g. neuromyelitis optica, paraneoplastic syndromes of the central nervous system (CNS), stiff person syndrome or autoimmune epilepsy. As these disorders are rare, no evidence-based recommendations for therapy are available. Currently, immunomodulating or immunosuppressive drugs are administered in most cases. In paraneoplastic syndromes treatment of the underlying cancer is of considerable importance. This overview summarizes current experiences and recommendations in the treatment of autoimmune neurological disorders.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NeuroCure Clinical Research Center und Clinical and Experimental Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland

    N. Borisow & F. Paul

  2. Klinik für Neurologie, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Deutschland

    H. Prüss

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  1. N. Borisow
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  2. H. Prüss
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  3. F. Paul
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Correspondence to N. Borisow.

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Borisow, N., Prüss, H. & Paul, F. Therapieoptionen bei immunvermittelten Enzephalomyelitiden. Nervenarzt 84, 461–465 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-012-3608-4

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