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Immunvermittelte Epilepsien und Enzephalopathien

Immune-mediated epilepsy and encephalopathy

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Zusammenfassung

Während der letzten 10 Jahre etablierten sich neue Erkenntnisse zur immunvermittelten Genese von Erkrankungen der grauen Substanz des Zentralnervensystems. Diese gehen in ca. 80% der Fälle mit Anfällen einher und imponieren häufig als pharmakoresistente Epilepsien. Wesentlich für die Charakterisierung dieser Erkrankungen war die Entdeckung von Auto-Antikörpern (AK) gegen neuronale Oberflächenantigene (NOA). Immunvermittelte Epilepsien zeigen oft ein unzureichendes Ansprechen auf Antiepileptika. Sie sprechen jedoch in vielen Fällen auf Immuntherapien an. Insofern bieten sich hier Chancen für eine Überwindung von Antiepileptikaresistenz durch immunologische Therapien.

Summary

During the last decade new knowledge on immune-mediated disorders of the grey substance of the central nervous system (CNS) has been generated. These conditions are associated with seizures in approximately 80% of cases and often present as drug-resistant epilepsies. The discovery of autoantibodies against neural surface antigens was essential for the identification of these disorders. Immune-mediated epilepsies often respond poorly to antiepileptic drugs; however, they do respond in many cases to immunological therapy which offers a chance of overcoming resistance to antiepileptic drugs by immunological treatment.

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Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor weist für sich und seinen Koautor auf folgende Beziehungen hin: C.G. Bien und C. Kramme führen im Labor ihrer Klinik Serum- und Liquordiagnostik bezüglich der im Text beschriebenen Antikörper durch. Für diese Diagnostik rechnet ihre Klinik mit auswärtigen Einsendern Gebühren ab. C.G. Bien erhielt Reisekostenunterstützung von folgenden Firmen: Eisai, UCB, Desitin, Grifols; Vortragshonorare von folgenden Firmen: Eisai, UCB, GlaxoSmithKline, Desitin; Honorare für die Mitarbeit in Advisory Boards der folgenden Firmen: UCB, Eisai.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Epilepsie-Zentrum Bethel, Krankenhaus Mara, Maraweg 17–21, 33617, Bielefeld, Deutschland

    C. Kramme & C.G. Bien

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  1. C. Kramme
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  2. C.G. Bien
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Correspondence to C. Kramme.

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Kramme, C., Bien, C. Immunvermittelte Epilepsien und Enzephalopathien. Nervenarzt 84, 442–449 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-012-3605-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-012-3605-7

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