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Genetik der kognitiven Fähigkeiten in der Lebensspanne

Genetic aspects of cognitive abilities across the life span

  • Leitthema
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Zusammenfassung

Kognitive Fähigkeiten entwickeln sich über die ersten beiden Lebensjahrzehnte und nehmen an Leistungsstärke ab dem 6. Lebensjahrzehnt kontinuierlich ab. In allen Entwicklungsphasen stehen dabei die allgemeine/globale kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit und spezifische Kognitionen unter starkem genetischem Einfluss (mit insgesamt zunehmendem Umfang bis ca. 80 Lebensjahre); Analoges gilt für die krankheitswertigen Ausprägungen von kognitiven Fehlentwicklungen. Hereditäre Einflussfaktoren werden phasenspezifisch im Zusammenspiel mit Umweltfaktoren diskutiert und zwischen den Lebensphasen verglichen.

Summary

Cognitive abilities develop during the first 2 decades and start to decrease in the 6th decade of life. There is strong heritability of general cognitive ability as well as of specific cognitive functions which might increase with age till about age 80. Cognitive disorders derive from this physiological cognitive development; they are also under genetic control. This paper discusses age-specific genetic influences on cognitive functions in interplay with environmental factors and compares these determinants across the life span.

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Interessenkonflikt

Die Autoren weisen auf folgende Beziehungen hin:

F. Poustka: Erhielt Beratertätigkeit/Vortragstätigkeit/Projektförderung von: Lilly, Lundbeck, Janssen-Cilag, Medice, Novartis.

W. Maier: Erhielt Projektförderung bzw. Beratertätigkeit, Vortragstätigkeit von: Novartis, Pfizer, Lundbeck, Lilly, Böhringer Ingelheim, Janssen-Cilag, Otsuka, Baxter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ehem. Direktor der Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt am Main, 60311, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland

    F. Poustka

  2. Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Deutschland

    W. Maier

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  1. F. Poustka
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Correspondence to F. Poustka or W. Maier.

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Poustka, F., Maier, W. Genetik der kognitiven Fähigkeiten in der Lebensspanne. Nervenarzt 80, 1312–1321 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-009-2804-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-009-2804-3

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