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Außergewöhnliche Liquoreiweißerhöhung in zwei Fällen eines Liquorunterdrucksyndroms

Extraordinary high cerebrospinal fluid protein in intracranial hypotension syndrome—a report of two cases

Zusammenfassung

Das Liquorunterdrucksyndrom ist eine seltene Ursache chronischer Kopfschmerzen. Die Ätiologie des Syndroms konnte bisher noch nicht zweifelsfrei geklärt werden, vermutlich handelt es sich aber um ein vermindertes Liquorvolumen aufgrund von Duraleckagen, die spontan, nach Liquorpunktionen sowie nach traumatischen oder operativen Duraverletzungen auftreten. Es kommt zu lageabhängigen Kopfschmerzen. In der MRT ist eine meningeale Kontrastmittelaufnahme nachweisbar. Der Liquoreröffnungsdruck ist meistens erniedrigt. Eine Pleozytose wird gelegentlich und eine Liquoreiweißerhöhung in der Mehrzahl der Fälle beobachtet, wobei die Werte normalerweise zwischen 0,6 und 2 g/l liegen. Wir berichten von 2 Fällen mit den typischen klinischen Symptomen und neuroradiologischen Veränderungen eines Liquorunterdrucksyndroms, die aber außergewöhnlich hohe Proteingehalte im Liquor von 9,63 bzw. 8,3 g/l aufwiesen. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Befunde werden die potenziellen Ursachen der Liquoreiweißerhöhung beim Liquorunterdrucksyndrom diskutiert.

Summary

Intracranial hypotension is a rare cause of chronic headache. Although there is still debate about the aetiology, it is believed that the syndrome is caused by low cerebrospinal fluid volumes due to dural leakage. Such leakages can occur spontaneously after lumbar puncture or surgical or traumatic opening of the dura. In magnetic resonance contrast imaging, diffuse meningeal enhancement can be seen; usually the pressure at the cerebrospinal opening is lower than normal. Sometimes a pleocytosis and, in most cases, increased protein content can be identified in the CSF. These protein levels most frequently range between 0.5 g/l and 2 g/l. Here we describe two patients with typical clinical signs and neuroradiological alterations of intracranial hypotension syndrome but with extraordinarily high CSF protein levels (8.3 g/l and 9.63 g/l). On the basis of these findings, the putative causes of elevated CSF protein contents are discussed.

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Correspondence to Christoph Spitzer.

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Spitzer, C., Wessels, T. & Block, F. Außergewöhnliche Liquoreiweißerhöhung in zwei Fällen eines Liquorunterdrucksyndroms . Nervenarzt 75, 1222–1225 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-004-1753-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-004-1753-0

Schlüsselwörter

  • Liquorunterdrucksyndrom
  • Liquoreiweißerhöhung
  • Chronische Kopfschmerzen

Keywords

  • Intracranial hypotension
  • Cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration
  • Chronic headache