Naturwissenschaften (2003) DOI 10.1007/s00114-003-0415-6

In the Discussion, the third sentence from the end of the second paragraph should read:

For smaller animals, the overall high prospects of winning and the potential benefits accrued by initiating attack (e.g. increased status and mating opportunity) may outweigh the risks (e.g. time, energy, injury, or defeat if the opponent retaliates).