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„Antibiotic Stewardship“

Programmatischer Ansatz zum optimierten Antibiotikamanagement

Antibiotic stewardship

A programmatic approach to improved antimicrobial management

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Zusammenfassung

Vor dem Hintergrund der zunehmenden Selektion und Verbreitung multiresistenter Mikroorganismen (v. a. gramnegativer Bakterien) und der unzureichenden Entwicklung neuer antimikrobieller Substanzen kommt dem verantwortungsvollen und klugen Gebrauch der vorhandenen Antibiotika besondere Bedeutung zu. In Deutschland lässt sich die Verpflichtung zum rationalen Antiinfektivaeinsatz unter Beachtung der lokalen Erregerresistenzsituation seit 2011 aus dem Infektionsschutzgesetz ableiten. Ein wichtiges Instrument zur Erfüllung der gesetzlichen Vorgaben, v. a. aber auch zur Optimierung des Infektionsmanagements, ist das Antibiotic-Stewardship- (ABS-)Konzept. Krankenhäuser, die ein ABS-Programm etablieren, beauftragen ein multidisziplinäres Expertenteam mit der Entwicklung und Überwachung von Therapiestandards und der Etablierung eines Visiten- und Beratungsdienstes mit dem Ziel, die individuelle Infektionsbehandlung zu optimieren. Auf längere Sicht soll so auch der ungünstigen mikrobiellen Resistenzentwicklung entgegengewirkt werden. ABS-Programme sollen alle Fachdisziplinen eines Krankenhauses, die Antibiotika anwenden, einschließen. Die Unfallchirurgie ist insbesondere dann betroffen, wenn hochkomplexe Infektionen und solche mit multiresistenten Erregern behandelt werden.

Abstract

Due to the increasing selection and prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria and the insufficient development of novel antibiotics, the responsible and prudent use of the available antimicrobial drugs is of major importance. In Germany the rational use of anti-infectives considering the local antimicrobial resistance situation is defined in the infection protection act of 2011. An important tool to follow legal regulations and to improve the treatment of bacterial infections is the antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) concept. Hospitals implementing an AMS program charge a multidisciplinary team of experts to develop and monitor treatment standards and to establish a system of regular consultations and ward rounds. Objectives of this set of measures are the optimization of the individual treatment outcome and on a longer range the improvement of the epidemiological situation. AMS programs include all clinical disciplines that use antimicrobials. Trauma surgery is also affected in a special way as soon as complicated infections and those with multidrug-resistant bacteria are treated.

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M. Müller, P. Lehmann und C. Willy geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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A. Trampuz, Berlin

C. Willy, Berlin

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Müller, M., Lehmann, P. & Willy, C. „Antibiotic Stewardship“. Unfallchirurg 120, 540–548 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00113-017-0365-7

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