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Primäre Meningokokkeninfektion des Kniegelenks

Eine seltene Ursache einer septischen Arthritis

Primary meningococcal infection of the knee

A rare cause of septic arthritis

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Zusammenfassung

Wir berichten über den seltenen Fall einer Kniegelenkinfektion, verursacht durch Neisseria meningitidis, Kapseltyp C. In der internistischen Notaufnahme stellte sich eine 19-jährige Patientin mit seit 2 Tagen bestehender schmerzfreier Kniegelenkschwellung und Fieber von 38°C vor. Drei Tage zuvor sei es zu plötzlichem Unwohlsein und Auftreten eines Hautausschlags gekommen. Es erfolgten die stationäre Aufnahme und der Beginn einer Breitspektrumantibiotikatherapie mit Ampicillin/Sulbactam. Zunächst gelingt aus der Synovialflüssigkeit für 3 Tage kein Erregernachweis und es wird von einer reaktiven Arthritis ausgegangen, bis der Nachweis von Neisseria meningitidis in den mit Kniepunktat beimpften Blutkulturflaschen gelingt. Die Patientin kann daraufhin erfolgreich mit Ceftriaxon behandelt und nach einmaliger Kniegelenkarthroskopie nach 14 Tagen aus dem stationären Aufenthalt entlassen werden. Dieser Fall zeigt die erschwerte klinische und mikrobiologische Diagnose der primären septischen Meningokokkengelenkinfektion auf, die jedoch im Vergleich zu anderen bakteriellen Gelenkinfektionen eine einfache und zumeist erfolgreiche Behandlung hat.

Abstract

This article presents a case of primary septic arthritis of the knee due to serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis. A 19-year-old female presented to the emergency department with a painless but swollen knee joint which had started 2 days previously and fever (38 °C). The patient reported that she suddenly felt unwell 3 days ago and developed a rush at the same time which had almost disappeared when arrived at the emergency department. The patient was admitted to hospital and an antibiotic therapy was started with sulbactam and ampicillin. Initially, incubation of synovial fluid over the next 3 days did not result in detection of any pathogens; therefore, a reactive arthritis was assumed until Neisseria meningitidis was detected in cultures of the synovial fluid. Therapy was then switched to antibiotic therapy with ceftriaxon and arthroscopic irrigation was performed. The patient quickly recovered and was discharged from hospital after 14 days. This case example shows the difficulties of the clinical and microbiological diagnostics of a primary septic meningococcal arthritis; however, the treatment is relatively easy and mostly successful compared to other forms of bacterial joint infection.

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Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. T.O. Klatte, W. Lehmann, J.M. Rueger geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Klatte, T., Lehmann, W. & Rueger, J. Primäre Meningokokkeninfektion des Kniegelenks. Unfallchirurg 118, 885–889 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00113-014-2716-y

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