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Stumpfe Verletzungen im Kampfsport bei Kindern – ein diagnostisches Problem?

Verzögerte Diagnose eines infizierten Hämatoms

Blunt force injuries due to martial arts in children – a diagnostic problem?

Delayed diagnosis of an infected hematoma

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Zusammenfassung

Einleitung

Verletzungen im Kampfsport sind häufig. Oftmals handelt es sich um stumpfe Traumata, gerade im Judo und anderen asiatischen Kampfsportarten. Isolierte Muskellogenhämatome in der Wadenmuskulatur sind hingegen selten.

Methode

Berichtet wird über ein 9-jähriges Mädchen mit unklarem Schmerz und Schwellung der Wade. Initial war ein Trauma nicht erinnerlich. Vier Tage später erfolgte eine Wiedervorstellung mit einem geröteten, geschwollenen Unterschenkel. Sport- und Spielanamnese ergab eine Bagatellverletzung im Judotraining eine Woche zuvor. Das MRT-Bild zeigte ein Weichteilhämatom mit deutlicher Größenzunahme im Vergleich zur vorherigen Sonographie.

Ergebnis

Histologisch waren eine floride Entzündungsreaktion des Hämatoms sowie der Nachweis von Staphyloccocus aureus intraoperativ nachweisbar.

Diskussion

Diagnosen stumpfer Verletzungen durch Kampfsport im Kindesalter sind häufig schwierig, die Fremd-, Sport- und Spielanamnese äußerst wichtig. Da die Sonographie stark untersucherabhängig ist, bietet die MRT bei nicht eindeutigem klinischem Befund und unklarer Anamnese einen dominanten Stellenwert in der Diagnostik, da Weichteilstrukturen mit entsprechenden Sequenzen in kürzester Zeit gut und ohne Strahlenbelastung dargestellt werden können.

Abstract

Introduction

Blunt force injuries in martial arts occur frequently but isolated hematoma of muscles in the extremities is rare. Even minor trauma of the lower extremities due to throwing techniques in judo and other forms of Asian martial arts can lead to major pathologies.

Methods

A 9-year-old girl presented with an unclear swelling and soreness of the calf muscle. The patient could not remember an obvious traumatic event. She was admitted 4 days later because of increased swelling, pain and erythema. The parents reported a minor trauma at judo training 1 week ago. Further investigation was performed with MRI and confirmed a massive hematoma much greater than previously shown by sonography.

Results

Histologic and microbiologic evaluation demonstrated florid inflammation and proof of Staphylococcus aureus was found intra-operatively.

Discussion

The diagnosis of blunt force injuries due to martial arts is difficult in childhood because often children do not remember a traumatic event. Therefore, it is important to obtain a thorough history from caregivers. Because sonography depends highly on the experience of the investigator MRI is considered to be a better diagnostic modality to diagnose and guide treatment in this age group.

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Correspondence to M. Dudda.

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Kruppa, C., Goericke, S., Matheney, T. et al. Stumpfe Verletzungen im Kampfsport bei Kindern – ein diagnostisches Problem?. Unfallchirurg 113, 866–869 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00113-010-1783-y

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