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Knochen im (Über-)Fluss: das seltene Krankheitsbild der Melorheostose

Klinische Präsentation und Behandlungskonzepte am Beispiel von 3 Fällen

(Over-)flowing bone: the rare disease of melorheostosis

Clinical presentation and therapeutic concepts demonstrated by three cases

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Zusammenfassung

Die Melorheostose (MEL) ist eine seltene, gutartige und sporadisch auftretende Osteosklerose ungeklärter Ursache. Die Erkrankung beginnt oft im jungen Erwachsenenalter, verläuft fast immer progressiv auf eine Körperhälfte beschränkt und betrifft beide Geschlechter gleichermaßen. Die Sklerosierungszonen gehen meistens von der Kortikalis der langen Röhrenknochen der unteren, seltener auch der oberen Extremitäten aus. Die Sklerosierungen beziehen oft die Weichteile um die betroffenen Knochen ein und können zu Bewegungseinschränkungen, Kontrakturen, Deformitäten und Schmerzen führen. Die Diagnose erfolgt anhand eines Röntgenbildes. Die Therapie hat die Schmerzbeseitigung und die Wiedererlangung der Bewegungsfreiheit zum Ziel. Nicht immer ist ein befriedigendes Therapieergebnis zu erreichen und Rezidive kommen häufig vor.

Abstract

Melorheostosis is a rare, benign, and sporadically occurring osteosclerosis of unknown cause. The onset of the disease is usually in early adulthood. Melorheostosis affects both genders, develops progressively, and is usually limited to one side of the human body. The sclerosis originates predominantly from the cortices of the long bones of the lower limbs and rarely the upper limbs. Frequently, the sclerosis involves the soft tissue surrounding the affected bones which may cause limitations in the range of motion, contractures, deformities, and pain. Melorheostosis is usually diagnosed by radiograms. Pain relief and restoration of the full range of motion are the primary goals of the therapeutic approach. A good outcome cannot always be achieved and a recurrence of the disease happens very often.

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Hesse, E., Brand, J., Bastian, L. et al. Knochen im (Über-)Fluss: das seltene Krankheitsbild der Melorheostose. Unfallchirurg 111, 553–558 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00113-007-1368-6

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