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Kognition: Einflüsse von Essen, Trinken und Bewegung

Cognition: influences of eating, drinking and exercise

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Zusammenfassung

Entwicklung und Funktion des menschlichen Gehirns entfalten sich im Zusammenspiel zwischen dem vererbten Genotyp und zahlreichen anderen Umweltfaktoren wie der Ernährung. Die Gesamtzusammensetzung der Ernährung und eine angemessene Zufuhr kritischer Nährstoffe sind wichtig für das Wachstum und die Entwicklung des Gehirns. Darüber hinaus spielen die Ernährung und andere gesundheitsbezogene Aspekte wie Bewegung eine wichtige Rolle bei der Erhaltung und Optimierung der kognitiven Leistungsfähigkeit. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über 1. die Bedeutung der Ernährung, insbesondere der kritischen Nährstoffe für die frühe Gehirnentwicklung, 2. die Ernährungsempfehlungen und kritischen Nährstoffe bei Säuglingen, Kindern und Jugendlichen sowie 3. aktuelle Studien zur Bedeutung von Trinken, Essen und Bewegung für die Kognition bei Kindern und Jugendlichen.

Abstract

The development and function of the human brain unfolds in the interplay between the inherited genotype and numerous other environmental factors, such as nutrition. The overall composition of the diet as well as an adequate intake of critical nutrients are important for the growth and development of the brain. In addition, nutrition and other health-related aspects such as exercise play an important role in maintaining and optimizing cognitive performance. This article gives a review of 1) the importance of nutrition and especially of critical nutrients for early brain development, 2) dietary recommendations and critical nutrients in infants, children and adolescents and 3) recent studies on the importance of drinking, eating, and exercise for cognition in children and adolescents.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Westfälisches Kinderzentrum, Klinikum Dortmund gGmbH, Beurhausstr. 40, 44137, Dortmund, Deutschland

    Hermann Kalhoff & Jens Berrang

  2. Forschungsdepartment Kinderernährung [FKE] der Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Deutschland

    Hermann Kalhoff, Kathrin Sinningen, Alina Drozdowska, Mathilde Kersting & Thomas Lücke

  3. Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Deutschland

    Thomas Lücke

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  1. Hermann Kalhoff
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  2. Kathrin Sinningen
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  3. Alina Drozdowska
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  4. Jens Berrang
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  5. Mathilde Kersting
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  6. Thomas Lücke
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Correspondence to Hermann Kalhoff.

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Interessenkonflikt

H. Kalhoff, K. Sinningen, A. Drozdowska, J. Berrang, M. Kersting und T. Lücke geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Dominik Schneider, Dortmund

Gesine Hansen, Hannover

Die Autoren Hermann Kalhoff und Kathrin Sinningen teilen sich die Erstautorenschaft.

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Kalhoff, H., Sinningen, K., Drozdowska, A. et al. Kognition: Einflüsse von Essen, Trinken und Bewegung. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 170, 704–715 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-022-01539-z

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