Zusammenfassung
Das Prinzip einer angst- und schmerzfreien Behandlung erfordert v. a. im Kindesalter ein altersentsprechendes und standardisiertes Schmerzmanagement. Die orale, rektale oder i.v. Applikation eines Sedativums/Analgetikums in der Kinderchirurgie ist meist mit großem Stress für alle Beteiligten verbunden, und die Alternative einer Allgemeinanästhesie ist häufig nicht zeitnah oder gar nicht verfügbar. Die hohe analgetische, anxiolytische und sedierende Potenz des Lachgases ist bereits seit langem weltweit bekannt, dessen inhalative Applikation ist jedoch, da die Zulassung als Fertigarzneimittel in Deutschland erst 2008 erfolgte, in Deutschland noch nicht allgemein verbreitet. Lachgas wird über die Lunge aufgenommen und eliminiert. Aufgrund der nicht im Körper stattfindenden Metabolisierung ist keine Nahrungskarenz erforderlich. Nebenwirkungen können auftreten, sind aber mit Beendigung der Anwendung vollständig reversibel.
Abstract
The principle of an anxiety and pain-free treatment necessitates, particularly in childhood, a standardized age-related pain management. The oral, rectal or i.v. administration of a sedative/analgesic in pediatric surgery is mostly accompanied by a great deal of stress for all involved and the alternative of general anesthesia is often not readily available or even not available at all. The high analgesic, anxiolytic and sedative potency of nitrous oxide has been known worldwide for a long time but the inhalative administration is not in general use as the approval as a ready to use pharmaceutical was only granted in Germany in 2008. Nitrous oxide is absorbed and eliminated through the lungs and because metabolism does not take place in the body fasting is unnecessary. Side effects can occur but are completely reversible at the end of the application.
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Lange, B., Wessel, L. Schmerzkonzept einer kinderchirurgischen Klinik. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 160, 244–250 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-011-2586-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-011-2586-0