Skip to main content
Log in

Akutes Abdomen aus pädiatrischer Sicht

Acute abdominal pain from a pediatric perspective

  • CME Weiterbildung · Zertifizierte Fortbildung
  • Published:
Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Akute Bauchschmerzen im Kindesalter stellen etwa 5% aller ungeplanten Konsultationen dar. Obwohl dieses Leitsymptom häufig ist, benötigen letztlich nur etwa 1% aller Patienten mit akuten Bauchschmerzen eine chirurgische Intervention. Ursachen derselben können intraabdominale, extraabdominale, systemische und gynäkologische Erkrankungen sein. In den meisten Fällen basiert die Diagnose primär auf einer genauen Anamnese und Analyse des Schmerzcharakters und einer sorgfältigen klinischen Untersuchung. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird dem klinisch tätigen Pädiater ein praktikables und pragmatisches Konzept bezüglich des Managements dieses häufigen Leitsymptoms vermittelt. Eine frühe und effiziente Schmerztherapie ist auch bei initial unklarer Diagnose sicher und im Interesse des Patienten und Untersuchers.

Abstract

An acute complaint of abdominal pain precipitates approximately 5% of unscheduled pediatric visits. However, in patients presenting with acute abdominal pain the frequency of disease requiring surgical intervention may be as low as 1%. The diverse etiologies include acute surgical emergencies, disorders that will or may require surgical intervention and specific intra-abdominal, extra-intestinal, systemic and gynecological disorders. In most instances a detailed clinical history, careful analysis of the pain character and physical examination are the cornerstones of a timely diagnosis. The aim of this article is to provide a consistent approach with a diagnostic algorithm. Provision of early and efficient analgesia appears to be safe, reasonable and in the best interests of patients, even those with undifferentiated acute abdominal pain.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Abb. 1
Abb. 2
Abb. 3
Abb. 4

Literatur

  1. Bundy DG, Byerley JS, Liles EA et al (2007) Does this child have appendicitis? JAMA 298:438–451

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Boyle JT (2004) Abdominal pain. In: Walker W, Goulet O, Kleinman RE et al (eds) Pediatric gastrointestinal disease: pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, 4th edn. Decker, Ontario, pp 225–243

  3. Carty HML (2002) Paediatric emergencies: non-traumatic abdominal emergencies. Eur Radiol 12:2835–2828

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Doria AS, Moineddin R, Kellenberger CJ et al (2006) US or CT for diagnosis of appendicitis in children and adults? A meta-analysis. Radiology 241:83–94

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Douglas CD, Macpherson NE, Davidson PM, Gani JS (2000) Randomised controlled trial of ultrasonography in diagnosis of acute appendicitis, incorporating the Alvarado score. BMJ 321:919–922

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Green R, Bulloch B, Kabani A et al (2005) Early analgesia in children with acute abdominal pain. Pediatrics 105:454–461

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kharbanda AB, Taylor GA, Fishman SJ, Bachur RG (2005) A clinical decision rule to identify children at low risk for appendicitis. Pediatrics 116:709–716

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Kim MK, Strait RT, Sato TT, Hennes HM (2002) A randomized clinical trial of analgesia in children with acute abdominal pain. Acad Emerg Med 9(4):281–287

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Leung AKC, Sigalet DL (2003) Acute abdominal pain in children. Am Fam Physician 67:2321–2326

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Scholer SJ, Pituch K, Orr DP, Dittus RS (1996) Clinical outcomes of children with acute abdominal pain. Pediatrics 98:680–685

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Silen W (1991) Cope’s early diagnosis of the acute abdomen, 18th edn. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 57–63

  12. Thomas SH, Silen W (2003) Effect on diagnostic efficacy of analgesia for undifferentiated abdominal pain. Br J Surg 90:5–9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Vermeulen B (2003) Acute appendicitis: influence of early pain relief on the accuracy of clinical and US findings in the decision to operate – a randomised trial. Radiology 210:639–643

    Google Scholar 

  14. Verschelden P, Filiatrault D, Garel L et al (1992) Intussusception in children: reliability of US in diagnosis – a prospective study. Radiology 184:741–744

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. Müller.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Egger, S., Heinz-Erian, P., Fankhauser, M. et al. Akutes Abdomen aus pädiatrischer Sicht. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 158, 695–704 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-010-2231-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-010-2231-3

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation