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Übergewicht und Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter

Overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence

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Zusammenfassung

Übergewicht ist eines der größten Gesundheitsprobleme in der westlichen Welt. Aktuelle Studien zeigen einen alarmierenden Anstieg in der Prävalenz von Übergewicht und Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Seit 1976 stieg die Häufigkeit in Deutschland um mindestens 50% an. Eine kürzlich vorgestellte deutsche Studie des Robert Koch-Instituts an 17.000 Kindern und Jugendlichen zeigte, dass insgesamt 15% aller deutschen Kinder und Jugendlichen übergewichtig sind, 6,3% leiden unter Adipositas. Aus übergewichtigen Kindern entwickeln sich in den meisten Fällen übergewichtige Erwachsene mit hohen Risiken für akute und chronische Folgeerkrankungen wie Bluthochdruck, Fettstoffwechselstörungen, koronare Herzkrankheit, Krebs, Gicht, psychosoziale Störungen und orthopädische Erkrankungen. Die Prävention von Übergewicht muss bereits ab der frühen Kindheit erfolgen. Bisher werden nur etwa 20% der übergewichtigen Kinder diagnostiziert und behandelt.

Abstract

Obesity is one of the most important health problems in Western countries and recent reports have shown an alarming increase in its prevalence among children, adolescents and adults. In Germany, childhood obesity has increased by at least 50% since 1976. A recent German study with more than 17,000 children and adolescents has shown that 15% are obese and that 6.3% suffer from adiposity. As demonstrated during follow-up studies, obese children tend to become obese adults and they are at increased risk to several acute and chronic diseases such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease, cancer, gout, psychosocial disability and musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, the prevention of obesity must start in childhood. However, some studies have shown, that only about 20% of obese children are recognized and treated by health care providers.

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  1. Abteilung Stoffwechselkrankheiten und Ernährungsmedizin, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität , Lindwurmstraße 4, 80337 , München, Deutschland

    A. Rauh-Pfeiffer & B. Koletzko

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  1. A. Rauh-Pfeiffer
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  2. B. Koletzko
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Correspondence to A. Rauh-Pfeiffer.

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Korrespondenzadresse:

Prof. Dr. B. Koletzko

Abteilung Stoffwechselkrankheiten und Ernährungsmedizin, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital

Klinikum der Ludwigs-Maximillians-Universität

Lindwurmstraße 4

80337 München

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Rauh-Pfeiffer, A., Koletzko, B. Übergewicht und Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 155, 469–483 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-007-1508-7

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