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Nutritive Einflussfaktoren auf die Entwicklung von kindlicher Adipositas und mögliche Präventionsansätze

  • Adipositas und frühe Ernährung
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Zusammenfassung

Explosionsartige Steigerungsraten der Prävalenz von Übergewicht und Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen wie bei Erwachsenen erfordern eine konzentrierte Suche nach Ursachen und damit potentiellen Präventionsansätzen. Intrauterine und frühkindliche Ernährungseinflüsse werden in verstärktem Ausmaß als bahnend für die Entwicklung von Adipositas erkannt. Es mehren sich aus zahlreichen Untersuchungen Hinweise, dass Stillen einen präventiven Effekt für Übergewicht aufweist, wobei die kausalen Faktoren dafür noch nicht definiert werden konnten.

Eine hohe Fettzufuhr im Kindesalter dürfte für die Ausprägung von Übergewicht und Adipositas eine dominante Rolle spielen. Kindliche Nahrungspräferenzen, gepaart mit jederzeitiger Verfügbarkeit und zunehmender Inaktivität bilden in unserer Gesellschaft damit den optimalen Nährboden für eine Umgebung, in der exzessive Gewichtszunahme geradezu programmiert ist. Präventive Maßnahmen werden alle möglichen Einflussfaktoren mit einbeziehen müssen um die desaströsen Folgen für den Einzelnen und die gesamte Gesellschaft in den Griff zu bekommen.

Abstract

Tremendous increases in the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents require a search for possible causes and potential prevention strategies. Intrauterine and early infant nutrition are recognized as modifying factors for the development of obesity in adolescence and adulthood. Several recent investigations found that breastfeeding prevents obesity and overweight in later childhood and adolescence. However, so far no causal and definitive factors for the preventive effect could be found.

Excessive fat intake during infancy and childhood is thought to play a major role in development of obesity. Typical food preferences for fatty and sweet foods paired with permanent availability and increasing inactivity predispose our society to weight gain and obesity. Preventive measures will have to take into account all possible causative factors in order to fight the disastrous consequences for the whole society.

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  1. Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Zentralklinikum, St. Pölten

    K. Zwiauer

  2. Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Zentralklinikum, Propst-Führer Straße 4, A-3100, St. Pölten, Österreich

    K. Zwiauer

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Correspondence to K. Zwiauer.

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Zwiauer, K. Nutritive Einflussfaktoren auf die Entwicklung von kindlicher Adipositas und mögliche Präventionsansätze. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 151 (Suppl 1), S84–S88 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-003-0806-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-003-0806-y

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