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Mucosal immunity and tRNA, tRF, and tiRNA

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Abstract

Mucosal immunity has crucial roles in human diseases such as respiratory tract infection, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent studies suggest that the mononuclear phagocyte system, cancer cells, bacteria, and viruses induce the mucosal immune reaction by various pathways, and can be major factors in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Transfer RNA (tRNA) and its fragments, including tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs) and tRNA-derived stress-induced RNAs (tiRNAs), have emerged as a hot topic in recent years. They not only are verified as essential for transcription and translation but also play roles in cellular homeostasis and functions, such as cell metastasis, proliferation, and apoptosis. However, the specific relationship between their biological regulation and mucosal immunity remains unclear to date. In the present review, we carry out a comprehensive discussion on the specific roles of tRNA, tRFs, and tiRNAs relevant to mucosal immunity and related diseases.

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Funding

This study is supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81770545) and MDT Project of Clinical Research Innovation Foundation, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University (PYI-17-003).

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  1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, 160# Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai, 200127, China

    Yueying Chen & Jun Shen

  2. Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160# Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai, 200127, China

    Yueying Chen & Jun Shen

  3. Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 160# Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai, 200127, China

    Yueying Chen & Jun Shen

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  1. Yueying Chen
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation was performed by Yueying Chen. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yueying Chen and Jun Shen, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Jun Shen.

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Chen, Y., Shen, J. Mucosal immunity and tRNA, tRF, and tiRNA. J Mol Med 99, 47–56 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-020-02008-4

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