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Kardiologische Funktionsdiagnostik

Cardiological functional diagnostics

  • Schwerpunkt: Funktionsdiagnostik in der Inneren Medizin
  • Published:
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Zusammenfassung

Kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen sind häufig, eine adäquate und an Leitlinien orientierte Diagnostik und Therapie deshalb essenziell. Als zentrale Funktionsdiagnostik neben Elektrokardiogramm und (Spiro‑)Ergometrie steht die Echokardiographie im Vordergrund. Sie ist permanent und bettseitig verfügbar und hat eine hohe diagnostische Aussagekraft. Zunehmend halten aber auch Untersuchungen wie die kardiale Magnetresonanztomographie und Computertomographie oder nuklearmedizinische Verfahren (Szintigraphie, Positronenemissionstomographie) Einzug in den klinischen Alltag. Gründe sind das breite Spektrum an Zusatzinformationen und die hohe diagnostische Sicherheit. Im vorliegenden Beitrag sollen nun die einzelnen nichtinvasiven funktionsdiagnostischen Möglichkeiten vorgestellt werden. Dabei wird auch auf die Sinnhaftigkeit ihrer Anwendung eingegangen. Studien zum sinnvollen Einsatz nichtinvasiver Diagnostik gibt es allerdings nur ganz vereinzelt.

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are common; therefore, adequate and guideline-based diagnostics and treatment are essential. In addition to an electrocardiogram (ECG) and (treadmill) exercise tests, echocardiography plays the pivotal role in functional cardiac testing. It is permanently available at the bedside and has a high diagnostic accuracy; however, examinations such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) as well as nuclear medical imaging, e.g. single proton emission CT (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are becoming more and more common in clinical practice. This is due to the wide range of additional information and the high diagnostic accuracy. In the following article, the individual possibilities of non-invasive cardiac functional testing are presented and their meaningful application will be discussed; however, studies on the meaningful application of non-invasive diagnostics are scarce.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97080, Würzburg, Deutschland

    S. Herrmann, N. A. Kraus & S. Frantz

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  1. S. Herrmann
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  2. N. A. Kraus
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  3. S. Frantz
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Correspondence to S. Herrmann.

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Interessenkonflikt

S. Herrmann, N.A. Kraus und S. Frantz geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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J. Mössner, Leipzig

M. Reincke, München

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Herrmann, S., Kraus, N.A. & Frantz, S. Kardiologische Funktionsdiagnostik. Internist 59, 3–14 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-017-0356-3

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