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Akute zentralnervöse Symptome

Acute central nervous symptoms in oncologic patients

  • Schwerpunkt: Onkologische Notfälle
  • Published:
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Zusammenfassung

Bei onkologischen Patienten können tumorbedingt oder therapieassoziiert akute zentral nervöse Symptome auftreten. Diese können sich in Bewusstseinsstörungen, in einem akuten hirnorganischen Psychosyndrom, in fokalen neurologischen Symptomen, in epileptischen Anfällen oder in einer Kombinationen dieser Symptome äußern. Sie können durch zerebrale Metastasen, Blutungen, Ischämien oder Infektionen, durch metabolische Störungen oder durch therapiebedingte Neurotoxizität verursacht sein. Klinisches Bild, diagnostisches Vorgehen und Behandlungsmöglichkeiten bzw. Prophylaxe solcher akuter zentralnervöser Komplikationen werden in dieser Übersicht dargestellt.

Abstract

Oncologic patients may suffer from acute central nervous system disorders either related to the disease itself or to its therapy. These disorders may present as a disturbance of consciousness, as mental changes, as focal neurological signs, as epileptic seizures or as a combination of these. Symptoms may be caused by cerebral metastases, hemorrhage, ischemia or infectious complication, by metabolic changes or by treatment sequealae. This article will focus on clinical presentation, diagnostic workup and possible therapy or prophylaxis of these complications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medizinische Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätskliniken Bonn

    K. Orlopp & I. G. H. Schmidt-Wolf

  2. Radiologische Klinik, Funktionseinheit Neuroradiologie, Universitätskliniken Bonn

    H. Urbach

  3. Neurologische Universitätsklinik Bonn

    U. Schlegel

  4. Neurologische Universitätsklinik am Knappschaftskrankenhaus, In der Schornaue 23–25, 44892, Bochum

    U. Schlegel

Authors
  1. K. Orlopp
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  2. I. G. H. Schmidt-Wolf
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  3. H. Urbach
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  4. U. Schlegel
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Correspondence to U. Schlegel.

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Orlopp, K., Schmidt-Wolf, I.G.H., Urbach, H. et al. Akute zentralnervöse Symptome. Internist 46, 19–29 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-004-1315-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-004-1315-3

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