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Elastoplastic performance of wood under compression load considering cross-grain orientation and moisture content

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Abstract

This study explored the feasibility of the finite element method (FEM) and Hankinson formula to predict the compressive properties of cross-grain wood with a wide range of moisture content, avoiding the waste of materials and time in experimental methods. This study examined the influence of moisture content and cross-grain orientation on the elastoplastic performance of beechwood under compressive loads. The comparison of compressive load–displacement curves between the experiment and FEM was achieved, and the relative errors of compressive yield strength or modulus of elasticity between the experiment and FEM. The stress concentration distribution and failure models of different principal planes were analyzed. It demonstrated that the FEM could simulate compressive elastoplastic properties of wood with 45º cross-grain and a broad range of moisture content. For cases of 45º cross-grain orientation, comparisons between the experimental data and FEM, and Hankinson formula, were conducted which validated that the Hankinson formula can predict beechwood’s compressive yield strength and elastic modulus with multilevel grain orientations and moisture contents. Regression models were established based on the Hankinson formula to forecast the compressive yield strength or modulus of elasticity for a broad range of moisture content and random grain direction. This study can assist in the rational utilization of cross-grain timber in terms of structural optimization of outdoor wood products.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Furnishing and industry collage of Nanjing forestry university for supplying laboratories, equipment and technical staff for this experiment. We are also grateful to the reviewers and editors for their valuable time and suggestions for improving the quality of this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China

    Wei-Lian Fu, Hui-Yuan Guan & Yao Zhao

  2. Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China

    Hui-Yuan Guan

  3. College of Art, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, China

    Wei Li

  4. Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-08589, Japan

    Kei Sawata

Authors
  1. Wei-Lian Fu
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  2. Hui-Yuan Guan
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  3. Wei Li
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  4. Kei Sawata
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  5. Yao Zhao
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Contributions

Conceptualization HG, KS and WF. Methodology HG, WF. Software WF and YZ. Validation HG and WF. Investigation WF. Resources HG and WF. Data curation WL, WF and YZ. Writing—original draft preparation WF. Writing—review and editing HG, KS, WL and WF. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hui-Yuan Guan.

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Funding

This work was supported by A Project Funded by the National First-class Disciplines (PNFD), and A Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD).

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Fu, WL., Guan, HY., Li, W. et al. Elastoplastic performance of wood under compression load considering cross-grain orientation and moisture content. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 81, 111–124 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-022-01880-w

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