Abstract
Novolac type liquefied wood/phenol/formaldehyde (LWPF) resins were synthesized from liquefied wood and formaldehyde. The average molecular weight of the LWPF resin made from the liquefied wood reacted in an atmospheric three neck flask increased with increasing P/W ratio. However, it decreased with increasing phenol/wood ratio when using a sealed Parr reactor. On average, the LWPF resin made from the liquefied wood reacted in the Parr reactor had lower molecular weight than those from the atmospheric three neck flask. The infrared spectra of the LWPF resins were similar to that of the conventional novolac resin but showed a major difference at the 1800–1600 cm-1 region. These results indicate that liquefied wood could partially substitute phenol in the novolac resin synthesis. The composites with the liquefied wood resin from the sealed Parr reactor yielded higher thickness swelling than those with the liquefied wood resin from the three neck flask likely due to the hydrophilic wood components incorporated in it and the lower cross-link density than the liquefied wood resin from the three neck flask during the resin cure process.
Zusammenfassung
Novolakartige LWPF-Harze wurden aus verflüssigtem Holz und Formaldehyd synthetisch hergestellt. Das mittlere Molekülgewicht des LWPF-Harzes, das aus verflüssigtem Holz in einem atmosphärischen Dreihals-Kolben hergestellt worden war, nahm mit steigendem Phenol/Holz-Verhältnis (P/W) zu, wohingegen es bei der Herstellung in einem versiegelten Parr Reaktor mit steigendem P/W-Verhältnis abnahm. LWPF-Harz, das aus verflüssigtem Holz in einem Parr Reaktor hergestellt worden war, hatte durchschnittlich ein niedrigeres Molekülgewicht als LWPF-Harz, das in einem atmosphärischen Dreihals-Kolben hergestellt worden war. Die Infrarot-Spektren der LWPF-Harze ähnelten denjenigen von konventionellem Novolak Harz, unterschieden sich jedoch im 1800–1600 cm-1 Bereich deutlich. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das Phenol bei der Synthese von Novolak-Harz teilweise durch verflüssigtes Holz ersetzt werden kann. Verbundwerkstoffe mit LWPF-Harz, das aus verflüssigtem Holz im versiegelten Parr Reaktor hergestellt worden war, wiesen eine höhere Dickenquellung auf als diejenigen mit LWPF-Harz, das im Dreihals-Kolben hergestellt worden war. Der Grund besteht wahrscheinlich in den im Vergleich zu LWPF-Harz aus dem Dreihals-Kolben eingebundenen hydrophilen Holzbestandteilen und der niedrigeren Vernetzungsdichte während der Aushärtung.
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Pan, H., Shupe, T.F. & Hse, CY. Characterization of novolac type liquefied wood/phenol/formaldehyde (LWPF) resin . Eur. J. Wood Prod. 67, 427–437 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-009-0337-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-009-0337-x