Abstract
The study objective was to impart urea-formaldehyde (UF) bonded particleboards higher and longer-lasting hydrophobicity than that resulting from conventionally used paraffin. Alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) is a paper sizing agent that can theoretically esterify wood compounds and result in a surface modification. Particles were 1) impregnated with an aqueous AKD-solution and cured at 130 °C prior to gluing, or 2) sprayed with a mixture of AKD-solution and UF-resin in a single step. Boards with and without paraffin wax were used as controls. Thickness swelling after 2, 24, and 48 h immersion was decreased by 90, 62, and 59% when the chips were impregnated with AKD in comparison to untreated control boards. Water uptake after 2, 24, and 48 h was reduced by 91, 75, and 60%. AKD-impregnation with subsequent curing decreased the internal bond strength by 53%, indicating that AKD impedes the adhesion. The mixture of AKD and UF-glue did not result in considerable hydrophobicity. Increased methyl/methylene and carbonyl bands in FTIR-spectra after toluene-extraction suggest that AKD partially formed ester bonds at the wood surface.
Zusammenfassung
Das Ziel der Untersuchung bestand darin, Harnstoff-Formaldehyd (UF) gebundene Spanplatten stärker und dauerhafter zu hydrophobieren als es mit konventionell verwendeten Paraffinprodukten möglich ist. Alkylketendimer (AKD) wird in der Papierindustrie als Masseleimungsmittel eingesetzt und kann theoretisch mit Zellwandbestandteilen Esterbindungen eingehen. Holzspäne wurden 1) mit einer wässrigen AKD Lösung imprägniert und bei 130 °C getrocknet oder 2) mit einer AKD/UF-Harz Lösung besprüht. Platten mit und ohne Paraffinbehandlung dienten als Referenzen. Im Vergleich zu Platten ohne Hydrophobierungsmittel wiesen Platten aus AKD-imprägnierten Spänen nach 2-, 24- und 48-stündiger Wasserlagerung eine um 90, 62 und 59% verminderte Dickenquellung auf. Die Wasseraufnahme wurde um 91, 75 und 60% reduziert. Die AKD Imprägnierung führte zu einer Verringerung der Querzugfestigkeit um 53%. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass AKD die Verklebbarkeit negativ beeinflusst. Die Anwendung von AKD im Untermischverfahren führte nur zu geringer Hydrophobierung. FTIR Messungen an Furnierstreifen vor und nach einer Toluolextraktion wiesen darauf hin, dass ein Teil des AKD über Esterbindungen auf der Holzoberfläche fixiert ist.
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Hundhausen, U., Militz, H. & Mai, C. Use of alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) for surface modification of particleboard chips . Eur. J. Wood Prod. 67, 37–45 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-008-0275-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-008-0275-z