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Effect of oil type, temperature and time on moisture properties of hot oil-treated wood

Einfluss von Ölart, Temperatur und Zeit auf Feuchteeigenschaften von Holz, das mit heissem Öl behandelt wurde

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Abstract

This paper focuses on the moisture properties of wood treated in palm oil-, soy oil- and slack wax for different processing times and temperatures. Also, the relative importance of oil uptake and thermal modification on the wood moisture properties is investigated. Slack wax was better than palm oil or soy oil in improving the moisture performance of thermally treated wood, and treatment at 220 °C was superior to treatment at 200 °C, with 4 h being generally better than 2 h treatment. Water absorption in samples treated with wax at 100 °C or 160 °C was similar to that in samples treated at high temperatures while improved anti-shrink efficiencies (ASE) and lower hygroscopicities occurred only for the high temperature treatments. Chloroform extracted samples treated at high temperature with palm oil or soy oil had relatively similar hygroscopicity and ASE properties compared to unextracted samples, but had greatly increased water absorption properties. These results confirm that chemical reactions in wood resulting from the heat treatment account for the main improvements of wood properties in reduced hygroscopicity and improved dimensional stability, while the oil absorbed by wood reduces the rate of water absorption.

Zusammenfassung

Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt die Feuchteeigenschaften von Holz, welches bei unterschiedlichen Behandlungszeiten und Temperaturbedingungen in Palm- und Sojaöl sowie in Rohparaffin wärmebehandelt wurde. Ebenso wird die Bedeutung der Ölaufnahme und der thermischen Modifizierung für das Feuchteverhalten des Holzes untersucht. Rohparaffin führte zu einem günstigeren Feuchteverhalten von wärmebehandeltem Holz als Palm- oder Sojaöl, wobei eine Wärmebehandlung bei 220 °C in der Wirkung derjenigen bei 200 °C überlegen war, und eine 4-stündige Behandlung generell besser war als eine 2-stündige Behandlung. Die Wasserabsorption von Proben, die bei 100 °C oder 160 °C mit Paraffin behandelt wurden, ähnelte derjenigen von Proben, welche bei hohen Temperaturen behandelt worden waren, während eine geringere Quellung (ASE) und eine niedrigere Hygroskopizität nur bei einer Behandlung mit hohen Temperaturen auftrat. Mit Chloroform extrahierte Proben, welche bei hohen Temperaturen in Palm- und Sojaöl wärmebehandelt worden waren, wiesen eine relativ ähnliche Hygroskopizität und Quellungseigenschaften auf wie nicht extrahierte Proben, aber beträchtlich gesteigerte Wasserabsorptionseigenschaften. Diese Ergebnisse bestätigen, dass hauptsächlich die Wärmebehandlung und die damit verbundenen chemischen Reaktionen im Holz für die reduzierte Hygroskopizität und die verbesserte Dimensionsstabilität verantwortlich sind, während das vom Holz aufgenommene Öl den Verlauf der Feuchtezunahme beeinflusst.

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Wang, J., Cooper, P. Effect of oil type, temperature and time on moisture properties of hot oil-treated wood. Holz Roh Werkst 63, 417–422 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-005-0033-4

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